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Glossitis5

Glossitis is inflammation of the tongue that is characterized by swelling and intense pain that may be referred to the ear area.  Salivation, fever, and enlarged regional lymph nodes may develop during an infectious disease or after a burn, bile, or other injury.  Drugs that have potential to cause glossitis are shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Drugs that have potential to cause glossitis
Atrovastatin Etidronate Penicillamine
Benzodiazepines Fluoxetine Penicillins
Bleomycin Fluvoxamine Rivastigmine
Captopril Gabapentin Serteraline
Carbamazepine Gold compounds Sildenafil
Cephalosporines Imipenem/cilastatin Sulfonamides
Chloramphenicol Lansoprazole Tacrine
Chlorhexidine Mefenamic acid Tetracyclines
Clarithromycin Mercaptopurine Triamterene
Clomipramine Methotrexate Tricyclic antidepressants
Cyclosporine Metronidazole Trihexyphenidyl
Doxepin NSAIDs Venlafaxine
Enalapril Olanzapine  

Erythema Multiforme (Stevens–Johnson Syndrome)1,5,10-12

Erythema muultiforme, which when severe is termed Stevens–Johnson Syndrome, is a mucocutaneous disorder characterized by various clinical types of lesions.  Young male adults are predominantly affected.  The lips are swollen, crusted, and bleeding.  Widespread erythema can be seen within the mouth.  The oral lesions disappear within 14 days of drug withdrawal.  Only 4% of erythema multiforme reactions are caused by drugs, however, 80% of cases occur in Stevens–Johnson Syndrome.  Drugs with potential to cause erythema multiforme are shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Drugs with potential to cause erythema multiforme
Allopurinol Ginseng Penicillins
Barbiturates Gold compounds Phenothiazines
Carbamazepine Iodine–containing mouth washes Phenytoin
Chlorpropamide Sulphonamides Rifampicin
Clindamycin Minoxidil Tetracyclines
Combination of antimalarial drugs (chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine) NSAIDs Tolbutamide
Estrogens/Progestins Penicillamine Verapamil
Ethambutol    

 

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Page 5 of 22
Citation Number:
Vol. 4, No. 1, Page 014