Professional Vital Bleaching Using a Thin and Concentrated Peroxide Gel on Whitening Strips: An Integrated Clinical Summary Robert W. Gerlach, DDS, MPH; Matthew L. Barker, PhD The development of bleaching strips represented a new paradigm in the delivery of peroxide.  This article is a review of nine comparative clinical trials evaluating the clinical response of a novel vital bleaching strip with a thinner gel containing 14% hydrogen peroxide.  This two-variable change, higher concentration gel with lowered gel volume translates to improved whitening without adversely affecting oral soft tissue tolerability and irritation.
	Remineralization Potential of a New Toothpaste Formulation:  An In Vitro Study Anna Torrado, PhD; Manuel Valiente, PhD; Wu Zhang, MD; Yiming Li, DDS, MSD, PhD; Carlos A. Muñoz, DDS, MSD This study compares the ability of a dentifrice containing a mixture of ion-exchange resins to promote remineralization and/or inhibit demineralization of dental human enamel with a fluoride toothpaste used as the control.  The results of this study showed both dentifrices were effective in limiting in vitro enamel demineralization.
	Medical Health and Medication Use in Elderly Dental Patients Aree Jainkittivong, DDS, MS; Vilaiwan Aneksuk, DDS; Robert P. Langlais, DDS, MS, FACD The focus of this article is on the medical conditions and medications used among elderly dental patients.  The relationship between the findings in relation to age and sex were investigated.  The results showed a significantly higher incidence of medical conditions in women than in men.
	The Bilateral Occurrence of Dental Caries Among 12-13 and 15-19 Year Old School Children Amjad Hussain Wyne, BDS, BSc, MDS, FASDC The purpose of the study was to determine the bilateral occurrence of dental caries in 12-13 year old and 15-19 year old school children.
	The Visible Portion of Anterior Teeth at Rest Khalid A. Al Wazzan, BDS, MS The visibility of anterior tooth surfaces with lips at rest or during function is an important factor in determining a favorable prosthodontic outcome.  The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of visibility of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth surfaces when the lips are at rest.
	Shear Bond Strengths and Microleakage of Four Types of Dentin Adhesive Materials Nasrien Z. Ateyah, BDS, MSc; Ahmed A. Elhejazi, BDS, MSc, PhD The authors investigate the correlation between the microleakage of composite resins and dentin bond strength using different types of adhesive systems.
	Photoelastic Study of the Effects of Occlusal Surface Morphology on Tooth Apical Stress from Vertical Bite Forces Mei-Qing Wang, DDS, MS, PhD; Min Zhang, MS; Jun-Hua Zhang Using photoelastic methods, the authors determine how the morphology of occlusal surfaces affect occlusal loading that is transferred to tooth apices.  They discuss the importance of suitable relationships in the occlusion that can create favorable physiological occlusal loading.
	Nuclear Medicine in Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnosis:  A Review for the Practicing Dental Professional Dale A. Baur, DDS, MD; Thomas F. Heston, MD; Joseph I. Helman, DMD Nuclear medicine studies often play a significant role in the diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial diseases.  The purpose of this review article is to discuss the nuclear medicine studies that have applications in the head and neck region as well as their indications, limitations, and diagnostic conclusions.
	The Immediate Antimicrobial Effect of a Toothbrush and Miswak on Cariogenic Bacteria:  A Clinical Study Khalid Almas BDS, MSc, FRACDS, FDSRCS Ed, DDPH, FICD; Zuhair Al-Zeid, BDS The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of miswak chewing stick (Salvadora persica) in vivo on streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli.
	Influence of Passive Ultrasonic Activation on the Penetration Depth of Different Sealers L. Sibel Karadağ, DDS; A. Cemal Tınaz, DDS, PhD; Tansev Mıhçıoğlu, DDS, PhD Correct use of instruments and irrigating solutions are the major factors during chemo-mechanical preparation of root canals.  It is common for ultrasonically activated files and solutions to be used for debridement.  This study investigates the influence of ultrasonic activation on the removal of the smear layer and the subsequent penetration of root canal sealers.