Orthodontic Treatment of Fused and Geminated Central Incisors:  A Case Report
Hayder A. Hashim, BDS, MSc

This report describes a 10-year old male who presented with a geminated upper right central incisor and a fused and rotated upper left central incisor in cross bite.  He had severe upper arch crowding and a congenitally missing lower right first permanent premolar.  Treatment options are discussed.

Through a review of the literature dental anxiety has been found to be prevalent and problematic within the child population.  This article seeks to apply Albert Bandura’s social learning theory to reduce dental anxiety in children.  Suggestions for applications within the dental office are discussed.

The AAOMP Case Challenge:  Multiple Painful Oral Ulcers
Michele Ravenel, DMD; Brad W. Neville, DDS; James Tankersley, DMD

A 66-year old man presented with a four month history of worsening oral ulcerations.  See if you can make the diagnosis.