The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

Register      Login

SEARCH WITHIN CONTENT

FIND ARTICLE

Volume / Issue

Online First

Archive
Related articles

VOLUME 20 , ISSUE 4 ( April, 2019 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Effectiveness of Various Tongue Cleaning Aids in the Reduction of Tongue Coating and Bacterial Load: A Comparative Clinical Study

Vartul Dwivedi, Torwane Nilesh Arjun, Sanjeev Tyagi

Keywords : Biofilm, Brush scraper, Micro bacteria, Tongue, Tongue scraper

Citation Information : Dwivedi V, Arjun TN, Tyagi S. Effectiveness of Various Tongue Cleaning Aids in the Reduction of Tongue Coating and Bacterial Load: A Comparative Clinical Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019; 20 (4):444-448.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2536

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 01-08-2014

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2019; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim: To remove tongue biofilm and improve breath odor, specific instruments (tongue scrapers) or toothbrushes are used. Materials and methods: This study compared the effectiveness of a manual toothbrush that has a tongue scraper on the back of its head and two commercially available tongue scrapers in reducing the tongue coating and aerobic and anaerobic microbiota of the tongue dorsum. A randomized, negative controlled, double-blind, parallel design study for three different treatment interventions was conducted. Results: All tongue cleaners showed a significant reduction in Winkle's tongue coating scores with significant values of reduction (p <0.001) of the anaerobic bacterial count with plastic and metal tongue scraper when compared to brush scrapper. Conclusion: There was an effective reduction of bacterial load on tongue dorsum with the use of tongue cleaners, with maximum load reduction by using plastic tongue cleaners. Clinical significance: The results of the present study may be helpful for the dentists while prescribing tongue cleaners to their patients in their clinical practice.


PDF Share
  1. Kazor CE, Mitchell PM, Lee AM, et al. Diversity of bacterial populations on the tongue dorsa of patients with halitosis and healthy patients. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:558-563.
  2. Tonzetich J, Ng SK. Reduction of malodor by oral cleansing procedures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1976;42(2):172-181.
  3. Loesche WJ. The effects of antimicrobial mouth rinses on oral malodor and their status relative of U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations. Quintessence Int 1999;30:311-318.
  4. De Boever EH, Loesche WJ. Assessing the contribution of anaerobic microflora of the tongue to oral malodor. J Am Dent Assoc 1995;126(10):1384-1393.
  5. Hinode D, Fukui M, Yokoyama N, et al. Relationship between tongue coating and secretory-immunoglobulin a level in saliva obtained from patients complaining of oral malodor. Clin Periodontol 2003;30(12):1017-23.
  6. Loesche WJ, Kazor CE. Microbiology and treatment of halitosis. Periodontol 2000 2002;28:256-279.
  7. Winkel EG, Roldán S, Van Winkelhoff AJ, et al. Clinical effects of a new mouthrinse containing chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride and zinc-lactate on oral halitosis. A dual-center, double-blind placebo controlled study. J Clin Periodontol 2003;30(4):300-307.
  8. Menon MV, Coykendall AL. Effect of tongue scraping. J Dent Res 1994;73(9):1492.
  9. Quirynen M, Avontroodt P, Soers C, et al. Impact of tongue cleansers on microbial load and taste. J Clin Periodontol 2004;31:506-510.
  10. Quirynen M, Zhao H, van Steenberghe D. Review of the treatment strategies for oral malodour. Clin Oral Investig 2002;6(1):1-10.
  11. Casemiro LA, Martins CHG, De Carvalho TC, et al. Effectiveness of a new toothbrush design versus a conventional tongue scraper in improving breath odor and reducing tongue microbiota. J Appl Oral Sci 2008;16(4):271-274.
  12. Collins LMC, Dawes C. The surface area of the adult human mouth and thickness of the salivary film covering the teeth and oral mucosa. J Dent Res 1987;66:1300-1302.
  13. Dawes C. Salivary flow patterns and the health of hard and soft oral tissues. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;(Suppl)139:18S-24S.
  14. Arthur G, Barnes GP, Thaye. Effects of Tongue Brushing on Tongue Coating and Dental Plaque Scores. J Dent Res 1997;54:6-10.
  15. Winkler S, Garg AK, Mekayarajjananonth T, et al. Depressed taste and smell in geriatric patients. J Am Dent Assoc 1999;130(12):1759-1765.
  16. Rowley EJ, Schuchman, LC, Tishk MN, et al. Tongue brushing versus tongue scraping: a comparison of plaque re-accumulation, gingivitis and patient acceptance. Clin Prev Dent 1987;9:13-16.
  17. Christensen GJ. Why clean your tongue? J Am Dent Asso 1998;129:1605-1607.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.