Aim: The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of early primary tooth loss among school children in and around Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study involving all the children aged between 5 and 9 years in and around Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India, from January 2022 to July 2022 was conducted. A total of 20 government schools were approached for participation in the study, study population consisted of 800 government school children (358 boys and 442 girls). All clinical assessments were done in the natural light by an experienced examiner. Age and missing teeth were among the data gathered. Results: The findings revealed that 20.8% of the sample had lost their primary teeth before the age of 6 (p > 0.05), although no gender differences were seen, males (12.6%) were more commonly affected than females (8.2%). The mandibular arch (61.8%) was more commonly affected than the maxillary arch (38.2%). In accordance with the frequency of early loss of teeth relative to tooth type, the molars (98.2%) were the most commonly prematurely lost teeth followed by the incisors (1.5%) and the cuspids (0.3%). The left lower primary first molars (42.3%) were the most often missing teeth, and the frequency was highest in 8-year-old children (38.9%). Conclusion: It was shown that lower primary molars were the most often missing teeth in the current investigation, and that early loss was highly prevalent. Clinical significance: Early loss of primary teeth leads to lots of malocclusion problems mainly arch length discrepancies are seen. Early detection and management of the space problems associated with the early loss of primary teeth would help in reducing malocclusion problems.