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VOLUME 24 , ISSUE 11 ( November, 2023 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Periapical Lesions Associated with Demographic Variables, Dental Conditions, Systemic Diseases, and Habits

Valéria Custódio dos Santos, Prescila Mota de Oliveira Kublitski, Bruno Marques da Silva, Marilisa Carneiro Leão Gabardo, Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho

Keywords : Apical periodontitis, Endodontics, Panoramic radiograph, Root canal treatment, Systemic diseases

Citation Information : dos Santos VC, Kublitski PM, da Silva BM, Gabardo MC, Tomazinho FS. Periapical Lesions Associated with Demographic Variables, Dental Conditions, Systemic Diseases, and Habits. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023; 24 (11):864-870.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3596

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 11-01-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2023; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim and background: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of periapical lesions and possible associations with demographic, dental conditions, systemic diseases, and habit variables in patients from a private Brazilian university. Materials and methods: Data from 452 patients of both sexes, aged 18–78 years, from a Brazilian university were evaluated. Panoramic radiographs were analyzed, and the presence of periapical lesions was recorded. In these cases, the dental condition was assessed for the presence or absence of endodontic treatment. Medical records provide information related to general health (diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, altered cholesterol, autoimmune diseases, gallstones, or kidney stones) and habits (smoking or alcoholism). The data were descriptively analyzed, and then logistic regression and the Wald test were performed in Stata/SE v.14.1. Results: A rate of 58.4% of participants were women, and the mean age was 36.4 (±14.6) years. Periapical lesions prevailed in 193 (42.7%) patients, and 281 (72.4%) teeth were not previously endodontically treated. Mandibular first molars (19%) and men (48.9%) were the most affected. The adjusted model showed that the age group of 26–45 years was 5 times more likely [odds ratio (OR) = 5.01; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.85–8.82] to have lesions than those aged ≤25 years. Participants aged above 46 years were 19.1 times more prone (OR = 19.1; 95% CI: 10.2–36.0) to morbidity than younger ones (≤25 years). Conclusion: The studied sample showed that periapical lesions were more prevalent in males, in mandibular molars, and without prior endodontic treatment. There was no observed association between periapical lesions and comorbidities or habits; however, a significant correlation occurred with advancing age. Clinical significance: Comorbidities and habits were not associated with the presence of periapical lesions. However, aging has been identified as a significant risk factor for the development of periapical lesions. This finding is clinically relevant as it highlights the importance of monitoring and maintaining oral health in patients with advanced age.


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