EDITORIAL


https://doi.org/10.5005_jp-journals-10024-3647
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice
Volume 25 | Issue 4 | Year 2024

Exploring the Link between Sleep Quality and Temporomandibular Disorders


Alexandru Vlasa

Department of Periodontology and Oral-Dental Diagnosis, Faculty of Dental Medicine George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania

Corresponding Author: Alexandru Vlasa, Department of Periodontology and Oral-Dental Diagnosis, Faculty of Dental Medicine George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania, e-mail: alexandru.vlasa@umfst.ro

How to cite this article: Vlasa A. Exploring the Link between Sleep Quality and Temporomandibular Disorders. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):293–294.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Keywords: Sleep quality, Temporomandibular disorders, Temporomandibular joint.

Sleep quality plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and well-being. In recent years, researchers have been increasingly investigating the intricate relationship between sleep and various health conditions, including temporomandibular disorders (TMD).1

Temporomandibular disorders encompass a range of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and surrounding muscles. Temporomandibular disorders can manifest as pain, restricted jaw movement, and other related symptoms. Sleep quality, on the other hand, is a multifaceted aspect of overall health that involves various physiological and psychological processes.2,3 This article seeks to elucidate the intricate interplay between sleep quality and TMD.

Recent research suggests a bidirectional relationship between sleep quality and TMD. Disrupted sleep patterns, such as insomnia or sleep apnea, may contribute to the development or exacerbation of TMD symptoms. Conversely, individuals with TMD may experience compromised sleep quality due to pain and discomfort associated with the disorder.410

One proposed mechanism linking sleep quality and TMD involves muscle tension and bruxism (teeth grinding). Poor sleep may contribute to increased muscle tension in the jaw and face, potentially exacerbating TMD symptoms.

Sleep disturbances can impact the central nervous system, influencing pain perception and modulation. Altered pain sensitivity may contribute to the development or persistence of TMD symptoms.11

Understanding the relationship between sleep quality and TMD has important clinical implications. Healthcare providers should consider assessing sleep patterns in individuals with TMD symptoms, and vice versa. Comprehensive treatment strategies that address both sleep quality and TMD may yield more effective outcomes.1218

Clinicians face challenges in accurately diagnosing and treating the complex interplay between sleep quality and TMD. Standardized assessment tools, including polysomnography and validated TMD questionnaires, can aid in the comprehensive evaluation of patients presenting with these interconnected concerns.1921

Management strategies should encompass a multidisciplinary approach. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia, relaxation techniques, and interventions targeting bruxism may be beneficial. Collaboration between sleep medicine specialists and dental professionals is essential for optimizing patient care.

Despite progress in understanding the relationship between sleep quality and TMD, many questions remain unanswered. Future research should explore the long-term impact of sleep interventions on TMD outcomes, further elucidate the underlying mechanisms, and identify potential biomarkers for risk assessment.22,23

In conclusion, the association between sleep quality and TMD is a complex and evolving area of research. Recognizing the bidirectional relationship and understanding the underlying mechanisms are crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy and developing effective treatment strategies. Collaborative efforts between researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals are essential to advance our understanding of this intricate interplay and enhance patient care.

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