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VOLUME 17 , ISSUE 8 ( August, 2016 ) > List of Articles

REVIEW ARTICLE

Evaluation of Potential Risk Factors that contribute to Malignant Transformation of Oral Lichen Planus: A Literature Review

Farzaneh Agha-Hosseini, Nafiseh Sheykhbahaei, Maryam-Sadat SadrZadeh-Afshar

Citation Information : Agha-Hosseini F, Sheykhbahaei N, SadrZadeh-Afshar M. Evaluation of Potential Risk Factors that contribute to Malignant Transformation of Oral Lichen Planus: A Literature Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016; 17 (8):692-701.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1914

Published Online: 01-01-2017

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2016; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim

Many studies have suggested that a lesion originally diagnosed as oral lichen planus (OLP) has different possibilities of undergoing malignant transformation in time, although these findings remain a controversial issue; for example, some studies reported different values of potential malignancy of OLP.

Introduction

World Health Organization (WHO) classifies OLP as a “potentially malignant disorder” with unspecified malignant transformation risk, and suggests that OLP patients should be closely monitored. Numerous studies have attempted to confirm the malignant transformation potential of OLP.

Review results

The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline and EMBASE databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid, Up To Date, BMJ Clinical Evidence, MD Consult, and Science Direct were searched for papers published between 1997 and 2015. The medical subject heading search terms were “lichen planus,” “oral lichen planus,” “erosive oral lichen planus,” “dysplasia,” “oral precancerous condition,” “oral premalignant condition,” oral cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and atrophic lichen planus. A total of 120 English language abstracts were reviewed, and 50 relevant articles identified. Because of the extensive literature on the association between OLP and SCC, we have divided the data into genetic and nongenetic factors for more accurate assessment.

Conclusion

In this evidence base, malignant transformation ranges from 0 to 37% with a mean of 4.59%. The highest rate of malignancy was noted in erythematosus and erosive lesions. In this way, follow-up of OLP patients could be carried out more efficiently and appropriately.

Clinical significance

Oral lichen planus is a premalignant lesion. All types of OLP in any site of oral mucosa must be monitored regularly.

How to cite this article

Agha-Hosseini F, Sheykhbahaei N, SadrZadeh-Afshar M-S. Evaluation of Potential Risk Factors that contribute to Malignant Transformation of Oral Lichen Planus: A Literature Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(8):692-701.

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