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VOLUME 22 , ISSUE 11 ( November, 2021 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Evaluation of Foraminal Enlargement with Thermally Treated Nickel–Titanium Systems

Mônica M Bezerra, Victor P Feitosa, Flavia D Vivacqua, Bruno C de Vasconcelos, Nilton Vivacqua-Gomes

Keywords : Apical foramen, Apical foramen enlargement, Endodontics, Root canal therapy, Tooth apices

Citation Information : Bezerra MM, Feitosa VP, Vivacqua FD, de Vasconcelos BC, Vivacqua-Gomes N. Evaluation of Foraminal Enlargement with Thermally Treated Nickel–Titanium Systems. J Contemp Dent Pract 2021; 22 (11):1232-1236.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3234

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 24-02-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2021; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim and objective: To evaluate morphologic changes in the main foramen after enlargement with four different systems. Materials and methods: One hundred and twenty canals (buccal of maxillary molars and mesial of mandibular molars) with patency and apical foramen ≤200 µm were included. These apical foramina were photographed and then randomly divided into four experimental groups, according to the ProDesign Logic (PDL), ProDesign R (PDR), twisted file adaptive (TFA), and WaveOne Gold (WOG) systems, all of which were composed of three sequential instruments (Glidepath, #25 and #35). Root canals were prepared 1 mm beyond the main foramen (n = 30). The specimens were photographed again to capture intermediate (#25) and final enlargement (#35) images. These were analyzed using an image software that allowed comparison of the enlarged area and shape of the main foramen. Results: In the Intragroup comparison, the Friedman's test showed a statistical difference between each phase of foramen enlargement (p <0.05). In the intergroup comparison, the percentage of foramen enlargement showed statistically significant difference between Groups PDR and TFA only in the analysis from #25 to #35, with 42.88 and 67.34% of foramen area widening, respectively. Relative to the final foramen shape, 81.7% were observed to be circular, 17.5% oval, and 0.8% flattened. Conclusion: Our results showed that foramen enlargement allowed an increase in area, maintained the circular shape of the foramen in the majority of cases, irrespective of the system used, and was a feasible option for use during preparation of the root canal system.

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