Correlation of Levels of Interleukin-1β in Gingival Crevicular Fluid to the Clinical Parameters of Chronic Periodontitis
AU Chaudhari, GN Byakod, PF Waghmare, VM Karhadkar
Citation Information :
Chaudhari A, Byakod G, Waghmare P, Karhadkar V. Correlation of Levels of Interleukin-1β in Gingival Crevicular Fluid to the Clinical Parameters of Chronic Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011; 12 (1):52-59.
Background and objectives: IL-1β is a potent stimulator of bone resorption and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal destruction. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the levels of IL-1β of chronic periodontitis patients with the healthy subjects. Another objective of this study was to correlate IL-1β levels with the clinical parameters of the periodontal disease progression.
Methods
For this study, total 60 subjects were chosen (30- healthy and 30-chronic periodontitis). Simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), periodontal disease index (PDI), probing depth (PD), tooth mobility, bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded for all the subject. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected and subjected for ELISA for estimation of IL-1β
Results
At the periodontal diseased sites, the IL-1β levels increased at least 2-fold as compared with healthy subjects. This increase was highly significant (p = 0.0000). Within the test group, IL-1β levels correlated positively and significantly with PDI, PD, BOP and tooth mobility. The correlations of IL-1β with PD (p = 0.000) and IL-1β with BOP (p = 0.0004) were highly significant.
Interpretation and conclusion
These data suggest that amount of GCF IL-1β is closely associated with periodontal status. This relationship may be valuable in monitoring periodontal disease activity.
Clinical significance
It could be stated from this study on IL- 1β that there seem to be a strong correlation between periodontal tissue destruction and IL-1β. Furthermore IL-1β level could also differentiate between active and inactive periodontal lesions.
How to cite this article
Chaudhari AU, Byakod GN, Waghmare PF, Karhadkar VM. Correlation of Levels of Interleukin-1β in Gingival Crevicular Fluid to the Clinical Parameters of Chronic Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(1):52-59.
Current view of risk factors for periodontal diseases. J Periodontol 1996;67:1041-49.
Pathogenesis of human periodontitis: An introduction. Periodontol 1997;14:9-11.
Analysis of host responses and risk for disease progression. Periodontol 2004;34:57-83.
The role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of periodontol disease. J Periodontol Res 1991;26:230-42.
The association between neutrophils numbers and interleukin-1α concentration in gingival crevicular fluid of smokers and non-smokers with periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 2004;31:390-95.
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils and their mediators in the gingival tissues from generalized aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol 2001;72:1545-53.
Periodontal diseases: Pathogenesis. Ann Periodontol 1996;1:821-28.
The simplified oral hygiene index. J Am Dent Assoc 1964;68:7.
The epidemiology of gingival and periodontal disease. In: Carranza FA Jr, Newman MG (Eds). Clinical Periodontology (8th ed). Philadelphia: WB Saunders Publishers 1998;61-81.
Increased thymocyte activating factor in human gingival fluid during gingival inflammation. Infect Immun 1982;38:1190-95.
Increased interleukin-1β concentration in gingival tissues from periodontitis patients. J Periodont Res 1989;24:362-67.
Measurement of interleukin-1α and 1β in gingival crevicular fluid: Implications for the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. J Periodont Res 1990;25:156-63.
Interleukin-1β concentration of gingival crevicular fluid. J Periodontol 1994;65:423-28.
Inflammatory mediators and immunoglobulins in GCF from healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis sites. J Periodont Res 1993; 28:543-46.
IL-1 in gingival crevicular fluid following closed root planing and papillary flap debridement. J Clin Periodontol 1993b;20:514-19.
Localization of interleukin-1 mRNA expressing macrophages in human inflammed gingiva and interleukin-1 activity in gingival crevicular fluid. J Periodont Res 1993;28:35-42.
Localisation of interleukin -1β in human periodontal tissue. J Periodontol 1991;62:36-43.
Changes in crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-1β, leukotriene B4, prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2 and tumour necrosis factor α in experimental gingivitis in humans. J Periodont Res 1993;28:241-47.
Levels of interleukin-1β in tissue from sites of active periodontal diseases. J Clin Periodontol 1991b; 18: 548-54.
Microbiology of periodontal disease. Present status and future considerations. J Periodontol 1977;48:497-504.
Interleukin-1β levels in gingival crevicular fluid from adults with previous evidence of destructive periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 1992; 19:53-57.
Levels of interleukin-1β and interleukin-8 in gingival crevicular fluids in adult periodontitis. J Periodontol 1995;66:852-59.
Crevicular interleukin-1β in moderate and severe periodontitis patients and the effect of phase I periodontal treatment. J Clin Periodontol 1995;22: 162-67.
Effects of interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor α and transforming growth factor β on group II phospholipase A2 activity in rat gingival fibroblasts. J Periodont Res 1993;28: 517-20.
Involvement of PGE synthesis in the effect of intermittent pressure and interleukin-1β on bone resorption. J Dent Res 1991;70:27-33.
Interleukin-1 and transforming growth factor α: Synergistic stimulation of metalloproteinases, PGE2 and proliferation in human fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 1994;210:166-71.
Role of cytokines and inflammatory mediators in tissue destruction. J Periodont Res 1993;28:500-10.
Histological evaluation of interleukin-1β and collagen in gingival tissue from untreated adult periodontitis. J Periodont Res 1994;29:54-61.
An interleukin-1 like factor stimulates bone resorption in vitro. Nature 1983;306:378-80.
Tissue levels of bone resorptive cytokines in periodontal disease. J Periodontol 1991a; 62:504-09.