The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

Register      Login

SEARCH WITHIN CONTENT

FIND ARTICLE

Volume / Issue

Online First

Archive
Related articles

VOLUME 22 , ISSUE 12 ( December, 2021 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Morphometric Assessment of Third and Fourth Cervical Vertebra Based on Hassel and Farman Method: A Radiographic Study

Narayan B Kulkarni, Bhavna H Dave

Keywords : Cervical vertebra, Hassel and Farman method, Morphometric

Citation Information : Kulkarni NB, Dave BH. Morphometric Assessment of Third and Fourth Cervical Vertebra Based on Hassel and Farman Method: A Radiographic Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2021; 22 (12):1457-1461.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3263

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 10-05-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2021; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim: To assess third and fourth cervical vertebra morphologic dimensions as per the cervical vertebral maturation stage proposed by Hassel and Farman from 7 to 18 years. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional radiographic study was conducted on 264 participants within an age-group of 7–18 years who were further categorized into six subgroups having an interval of 1 year and 11 months chronologic age. The maturation stage and morphometric evaluation of the cervical vertebra were assessed for the same patient. The maturation stage was assessed as per the morphologic classification given by Hassel and Farman. The morphometric evaluation was assessed by measuring the anterior (AH3 and AH4), vertebral body (H3 and H4), posterior heights, and anteroposterior width (APW3 and APW4) of third and fourth cervical vertebra in millimeters which was carried out with the help of “IC measure software.” One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's multiple comparison, and Spearman's correlation coefficient were utilized to determine the significance and correlation between the vertebral maturation and millimetric measurement between age-groups. The multiple comparison levels were set at 0.05 level of significance. Results: A high significant correlation was observed between PH3 and APW3 (r, 0.737**). Moderate significant correlation was observed with H3 and PH3 (r, 0.605**, 0.640*), and APW3, APW4 (r, 0.534**, 0.614*) in the initiation stage in both the vertebrae; AH3, H3 (r, 0.498**) and H3, APW3 (r, 0.576**) in deceleration stage. A negative moderate significant correlation between AH4, PH4 (r, −0.691**) was observed in the deceleration stage. The transition, maturation, and completion stages did not reveal any significant correlation. Conclusion: Significant morphologic difference was observed among all the stages of vertebral maturation. Higher dimensions were observed among males. Anteroposterior width had the highest dimension. Significant morphometric changes were observed in stages of maturation and transition stages. Clinical significance: The dimensions of anterior, vertebral, and posterior height of the third and fourth cervical vertebra can supplement in identifying the precise morphologic classification whenever there is an overlap in the opinion of staging cervical vertebral maturation based on Hassel and Farman.


HTML PDF Share
  1. Lampalski D. Skeletal age assessment utilizing cervical vertebrae [Master of Science Thesis]. University of Pittsburgh; 1972.
  2. O'Reilly MT, Yanniello GJ. Mandibular growth changes and maturation of cervical vertebrae: a longitudinal cephalometric study. Angle Orthod 1988;58(2):179–184. DOI: 10.1043/0003-3219 (1988)058<0179:MGCAMO>2.0.CO;2.
  3. Hassel B, Farman AG. Skeletal maturation evaluation using cervical vertebrae. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1995;107(1):58–66. DOI: 10.1016/s0889-5406(95)70157-5.
  4. Franchi L, Baccetti T, McNamara Jr JA. Mandibular growth as related to cervical vertebral maturation and body height. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthoped 2000;118(3):335–340. DOI: 10.1067/mod.2000.107009.
  5. Baccetti T, Franchi L, McNamara JA Jr. An improved version of the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of mandibular growth. Angle Orthod 2002;72(4):316–323. DOI: 10.1043/0003-3219(2002)072<0316:AIVOTC>2.0.CO;2.
  6. Baccetti T, Franchi L, McNamara JA Jr. The cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of optimal treatment timing in dentofacial orthopedics. Semin Orthod 2005;11(3):119–129. DOI: 10.1053/j.sodo.2005.04.005.
  7. Lamparski DG, Nanda SK. Skeletal age assessment utilizing cervical vertebrae. Craniofacial Growth Ser 2002;39:171–184.
  8. McNamara Jr JA, Franchi L. The cervical vertebral maturation method: a user's guide. Angle Orthod 2018;88(2):133–143. DOI: 10.2319/111517-787.1.
  9. Mito T, Sato K, Mitani H. Cervical vertebral bone age in girls. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:380–385. DOI: 10.1067/mod.2002.126896.
  10. Perinetti G, Caprioglio A, Contardo L. Visual assessment of the cervical vertebral maturation stages: a study of diagnostic accuracy and repeatability. Angle Orthod 2014;84(6):951–956. DOI: 10.2319/120913-906.1.
  11. Shamsher RM, Ijaz AB, Orth MC. Age of high growth rate in adolescent period of development. Pak Oral Dent J 2005;25:53–58.
  12. Kulkarni N, Dave B. Correlation of cervical vertebral bone age and Demirjian's stages of dental maturation for lower left permanent canine and second molar. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019;20(4):471–475. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2541.
  13. Madhu S. Correlation between cervical vertebrae maturation and chronological age: a radiographic study. World J Dent 2017;8(5): 382–385. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1470.
  14. Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH, Marubini E, et al. The adolescent growth spurt of boys and girls of the Harpenden growth study. Ann Hum Biol 1976;3(2):109–126. DOI: 10.1080/03014467600001231.
  15. Singh S, Singh M, Saini A, et al. Timing of myofunctional appliance therapy. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2010;35(2):233–240. DOI: 10.17796/jcpd.35.2.9572h13218806871.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.