Medha A Joshi ,Head, Quality Assurance, Health Sciences, GEF(M), Bengaluru, Medha A Joshi, Head, Quality Assurance, Health Sciences, GEF(M), Bengaluru,

Seyyed Ali Asghar Sefidgar ,Associate Professor, Department of Mycology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran,

Ali Akbar Moghadamnia ,Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran,

Reza Ghadimi ,Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran,

Leila Shirkhani ,Non-faculty Investigator, Department of Mycology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran,

Antoine N Berberi ,Associate Professor and Chairperson, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Lebanon, Antoine N Berberi, Associate Professor and Chairperson, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University Lebanon, e-mail: aberberi@hotmail.com, aberberi@hotmail.com

Ziad N Noujeim ,Lecturer and Director, Postgraduate Program, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Lebanon,

Wasfi H Kanj ,Clinical Instructor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Lebanon,

Rita J Mearawi ,Clinical Instructor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Lebanon,

Ziad A Salameh ,Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Lebanon,

Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam ,Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, e-mail: shahrooetemad@yahoo.com, shahrooetemad@yahoo.com

Somayeh Chookhachizadeh ,Dentist, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,

Fereshteh Baghaii ,Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,

Mojgan Alaeddini ,Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Mojgan Alaeddini, Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, e-mail: malaeddini@yahoo. com, malaeddini@yahoo.

Naveen Gupta ,Children’s and Women’s Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Clinical Fellow, Division of Neonatology, PD Hinduja National Hospital and MRC, Mahim, Mumbai 400 016 (India), Infectious Disease Fellow, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India, Consultant Neonatologist and In-Charge, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Max Superspeciality Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, Consultant, Department of Anesthesia,

Giridhar Reddy ,Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, Pulla Reddy Dental College Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India,

V Vinod ,Senior Lecturer, V Vinod Senior Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, e-mail: drvinod@mail.com, drvinod@mail.com

Abhinav Misuriya ,Reader, Department of Endodontics, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India, Abhinav Misuriya, Reader Department of Endodontics, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, e-mail: abhinav.misuriya@gmail.com, abhinav.misuriya@gmail.com

M Bharathi ,Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, G Pulla Reddy Dental College, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India,

Kethi Reddy Mahesh Babu ,Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, Meghna Institute of Dental Sciences, Nizamabad, Andhra Pradesh, India,

Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres ,Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil, Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos, Universidade do Estado de São Paulo, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, CEP: 12245-000, Brazil, Phone: (12) 39479048, Fax: (12) 39479010, e-mail: carlosrgt@fosjc.unesp.br, carlosrgt@fosjc.unesp.br

Alessandra Bühler Borges ,Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil, Alessandra Bühler Borges, Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil, Phone: +55 12 3947-9374 e-mail: alessandra@fosjc.unesp.br, alessandra@fosjc.unesp.br

Carolina Anne Guimarães ,Graduate Student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil,

Eduardo Bresciani ,Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil,

Carolina Judica Ramos ,Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Social Dentistry and Pediatric Clinics, UNESPUniv Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil,

Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges ,Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, UNESPUniv Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil,

MN Praveen ,Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, KLE Societys Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,

MG Jayachandra ,Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India,

Kirankumar B Dhanappa ,Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Navodaya Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India, Kirankumar B Dhanappa, Reader Department of Public Health Dentistry, Navodaya Dental College and Hospital, Raichur-584103, Karnataka, India e-mail: kdhanappa@gmail.com, kdhanappa@gmail.com

Ramakrishna Ravi ,Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics SB Patil Dental College and Hospital, Bidar, Karnataka, India,

Prashanth Deshpande ,Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics SB Patil Dental College and Hospital, Bidar, Karnataka, India,

Sharaschandra M Biradar ,Reader, Department of Periodontics, SB Patil Dental College and Hospital, Bidar, Karnataka, India,

Lanka Mahesh ,Implantologist, Private Practice, Lanka Mahesh Implantologist, Private Practice, The Dental Centre, S-382, Panshila Prak, New Delhi-110017, India, e-mail: drlanka.mahesh@gmail.com, drlanka.mahesh@gmail.com

TV Narayan ,Head, Oxford Dental College Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,

Sagrika Shukla ,Consultant, Private Practice, Sarthak Medical Centre, New Delhi, India,

Georgios Kostakis ,Resident, Department of Periodontology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,

N Amrutha ,Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology, MS Ramaiah Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,

Alvaro Henrique Borges ,Professor, University of Cuiaba, Cuiaba, Brazil,

Fábio Luis Miranda Pedro ,Professor, University of Cuiaba - UNIC, Cuiaba, Brazil,

Matheus Coelho Bandéca ,Professor, Department of Post-Graduation, CEUMA University, São Luis, Maranhao, Brazil, Matheus Bandeca, Head of Post- Graduation in Dentistry, University of CEUMA and Professor of the Master Program of Integrated Dentistry, University of Cuiabá. Rua Operários 1457, Ponta Grossa, Brazil, e-mail: matheus.bandeca@utoronto.ca, matheus.bandeca@utoronto.ca

Luiz Evaristo Ricci Volpato ,Professor of Master Program of Integrated Dentistry, University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá-MT, Brazil,

Alessandro Tadeu Corrêa Marques ,Professor of Master Program of Integrated Dentistry, University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá-MT, Brazil,

Alexandre Meirelles Borba ,Professor of Master Program of Integrated Dentistry, University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá-MT, Brazil,

Carlo Ralph de Musis ,Professor of Master Program of Integrated Dentistry, University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá-MT, Brazil,

Gustavo Otoboni Molina ,Professor, Department of Periodontics, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil,

Marcelo Tomás Oliveira ,Professor, Department of Dental Materials, University of Southern Santa Catarina, UNISUL, Santa Catarina, Brazil,

Henrique Vieira Constantino ,Undergraduate Student, Department of Dental Materials, University of Southern Santa Catarina, UNISUL, Santa Catarina, Brazil,

Elysa Milioli ,Undergraduate Student, Department of Dental Materials, University of Southern Santa Catarina, UNISUL, Santa Catarina, Brazil,

Janaina Salomon Ghizoni ,Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, University of Southern Santa Catarina, UNISUL, Santa Catarina, Brazil,

Jefferson Ricardo Pereira ,Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNISUL, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Jefferson Ricardo Pereira, Professor Department of Prosthodontics, University of Southern Santa Catarina, UNISUL, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Phone: 554899884271, e-mail: jeffripe@rocketmail.com, jeffripe@rocketmail.com

Anil Sukumaran ,Professor, Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,

DS Sanketh ,Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology, MS Ramaiah Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,

N Amrutha ,Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology, MS Ramaiah Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,

Shankargouda Patil ,Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru Karnataka, India, Shankargouda Patil, Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences Bengaluru-54, Karnataka, India Phone: 8050798169, e-mail: sbpail1612@gmail.com, sbpail1612@gmail.com

Renato de Toledo Leonardo ,Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, UNESP, Araraquara (FOAr), São Paulo, Brazil,

Edson Alves de Campos ,Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo State, Araraquara, São Paulo Brazil,

Katia Cristina Keine ,Postgraduate Student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil,

Milton Carlos Kuga ,Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil, Milton Carlos Kuga, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, FOAr – UNESP, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora - 3° andar. Rua Humaitá 1680 Centro CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil e-mail: kuga@foar.unesp.br, kuga@foar.unesp.br

Flávia Angélica Guiotti ,Postgraduate Student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil,

Carolina Andolfatto ,Postgraduate Student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil,

Norberto Batista de Faria-Júnior ,Assistant Professor, Department of Dentistry, Dental School, UFRN - Federal University, Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte Brazil,

Andrea Abi Rached Dantas ,Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil,

Tolga F Tözüm ,Professor, Tolga F Tözüm Professor, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Hacettepe University, 3rd Floor, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey Fax: +90-312-310-4440, e-mail: ttozum@hacettepe.edu.tr, ttozum@hacettepe.edu.tr

Ozkan Ozgul ,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey, Ozkan Ozgul, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ufuk University 06100, Ankara, Turkey, Phone: 90 312 2044000, Fax: 90 312 2872390, e-mail: ozkanozgul@yahoo.com, ozkanozgul@yahoo.com

Erhan Dursun ,Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey,

Betul Memis Ozgul ,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey,

Yasemin Kartal ,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Private Practice, Ankara, Turkey,

Fatih Mehmet Coskunses ,Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey,

Ismail Doruk Kocyigit ,Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey,

Abhinav Misuriya ,Reader, Department of Endodontics, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India, Abhinav Misuriya, Reader Department of Endodontics, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, e-mail: abhinav.misuriya@gmail.com, abhinav.misuriya@gmail.com

Archana Bhardwaj ,Reader, Department of Endodontics, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India,

Sanjay Aggrawal ,Professor, Department of Endodontics, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India,

PS Pawan Kumar ,Senior Lecturer, Department of Endodontics, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India,

Satyanarayana Gajjarepu ,Reader, Department of Endodontics, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India,

Suyane Maria Luna Cruz de Vasconcelos ,Student, Post-graduation Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Ceara Brazil,

Mary Anne Sampaio de Melo ,Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore MD, USA,

Joao Paulo Marques Saraiva Wenceslau ,Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Ceara, Brazil,

Iriana Carla Junqueira Zanin ,Associate Professor, The School of Dentistry of Sobral; Professor of the Postgraduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceara Ceara, Brazil,

Haroldo Cesar Pinheiro Beltrao ,Associate Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Ceara Brazil,

Carlos Augusto Oliveira Fernandes ,Associate Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Ceara Brazil,

Paulo Cesar de Almeida ,Associate Professor, Department of Public Health, Ceara State University, Ceara Brazil,

Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues ,Associate Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Dentistry and Nursing; Professor of the Post-graduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceara, Ceara, Brazil, Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues Associate Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry Faculty of Pharmacy Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Ceara, Brazil, e-mail: lidianykarla@yahoo.com, lidianykarla@yahoo.com

Felipe Fornias Sperandio ,Professor, Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Alfenas Federal University, Brazil,

Marina Lara de Carli ,Postdoctoral Student, Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry Alfenas Federal University, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Marina Lara de Carli, Postdoctoral Student, Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry Alfenas Federal University, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Phone: 553532991430, e-mail: marinadentista@gmail.com, marinadentista@gmail.com

Eduardo Pereira Guimarães ,MS Student, Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry Alfenas Federal University, Minas Gerais, Brazil,

Alessandro Antônio Costa Pereira ,Professor, Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Alfenas Federal University, Brazil,

João Adolfo Costa Hanemann ,Professor, Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry Alfenas Federal University, Minas Gerais, Brazil,

Pooja Trivedi ,Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar Gujarat, India, Pooja Trivedi, Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar, Gujarat, India, e-mail: docrrtrivedi@gmail.com, docrrtrivedi@gmail.com

Moulshree Dube ,Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Pacific Dental College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India,

Mihir Pandya ,Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Goenka Research Institute of Dental Science, Gandhinagar Gujarat, India,

Hitesh Sonigra ,Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar Gujarat, India,

Kiran Vachhani ,Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar Gujarat, India,

Dina Al-Sudani ,Associate Professor and Consultant, Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, Dina Al-Sudani, Associate Professor and Consultant, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia e-mail: dinaalsudani@gmail.com, dinaalsudani@gmail.com

Majed Almalki ,Endodontist, Department of Dentistry, King Fahd Military Medical Complex Dhahran, Saudi Arabia,

Saad Al-Shahrani ,Endodontist, Department of Dentistry, Armed Forces Hospital, Dhahran Saudi Arabia,

Michael Ahlquist ,Associate Professor, Department of Dental Medicine, Cariology and Endodontology Division, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,

Samir Mansuri ,Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery College of Dentistry, Taibha University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah Saudi Arabia,

Abdul Mujeeb ,Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry Taibah University, Near Hizam Street Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia, Abdul Mujeeb, Associate Professor Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry Taibah University, Near Hizam Street, Al-Madinah Al- Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia, Phone: 00-966-537254773, e-mail: drabdulmujeebmds@gmail.com, drabdulmujeebmds@gmail.com

Seema Abid Hussain ,Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia,

Kausar Ramaswamy ,Specialist, Department of Orthodonticsa, Asir Specialist Center, Abha Ksa,

Preeti Agarwal Katyayan ,Assistant Professor, Preeti Agarwal Katyayan Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, e-mail: drkatyayan@ymail.com, drkatyayan@ymail.com

Masafumi Kanehira ,Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry Sendai, Japan,

Werner J Finger ,Professor, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan,

Keiichi Sasaki ,Professor, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry and Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan,

Naohiko Iwasaki ,Assistant Professor, Oral Biomaterials Engineering, Course for Oral Health Engineering, School of Oral Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan,

Hidekazu Takahashi ,Professor and Chair, Oral Biomaterials Engineering, Course for Oral Health Engineering, School of Oral Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan, Hidekazu Takahashi, Professor and Chair, Oral Biomaterials Engineering, Course for Oral Health Engineering, School of Oral Health Care Sciences Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1-5-45, Yushima Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8549, Japan, Phone: +81-3-5803-5379, Fax: +81-3-5803-5379, e-mail: takahashi. bmoe@tmd.ac.jp, bmoe@tmd.ac.jp

Natthavoot Koottathape ,Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand,

Sandra Kalil Bussadori ,Professor, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Postgraduation Program, Universidade Nove de Julho, Brazil, Sandra Kalil Bussadori, Professor Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Postgraduation Program, Universidade Nove de Julho, Brazil, Phone: 551133859222, e-mail: sandra.skb@gmail.com, sandra.skb@gmail.com

Camila Haddad Leal de Godoy ,Student, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Postgraduation Program, Universidade Nove de Julho, Brazil,

Thays Almeida Alfaya ,Student, Department of Dental Clinic of Postgraduation Program Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil,

Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes ,Professor, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Postgraduation Program, Universidade Nove de Julho, Brazil,

Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari ,Professor, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Postgraduation Program, Universidade Nove de Julho, Brazil,

Lara Jansiski Motta ,Professor, Department of Health Systems Management, Postgraduate Program, Universidade Nove de Julho, Brazil,

Luiz Renato Paranhos ,Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, SE, Brazil,

Fernando César Torres ,Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Fernando César Torres, Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of São Paulo, City-UNICID, São Paulo, Brazil, e-mail: fernandozzy@hotmail.com, fernandozzy@hotmail.com

Tiago Monteiro Brando ,Student, Department of Orthodontics, Methodist University of São Paulo, Brazil,

Armando K Kaieda ,Student, Department of Public Health, Piracicaba Dental School Unicamp, São Paulo, Brazil,

Adilson Luiz Ramos ,Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Maringá University Center, PR Brazil, Luiz Renato Paranhos, Associate Professor, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe UFS, Sergipe, Brazil, e-mail: paranhos@ortodontista.com.br, paranhos@ortodontista.com.br