The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

Register      Login

Table of Content

2010 | July | Volume 11 | Issue 4

Total Views

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Wasiu L. Adeyemo, Mobolanle O. Ogunlewe, Akinola L. Ladeinde, Olufemi O. Hassan, Olanrewaju A. Taiwo

A Comparative Study of Surgical Morbidity Associated with Mandibular Third-Molar Surgery in Young and Aging Populations

[Year:2010] [Month:July] [Volume:11] [Number:4] [Pages:8] [Pages No:1 - 8]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-11-4-1  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Prophylactic surgical extraction of impacted third molars is a common practice throughout the world justified on the presumption that the risk of surgical morbidity increases with increasing age, among other reasons. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare surgical morbidity associated with third-molar extractions in young and aging populations.

Methods and Materials

A review of records for all patients who underwent the surgical extraction of impacted third molars between April 2001 and June 2006 at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital was carried out.

Results

A total of 506 patients had surgical extractions of impacted third molars under local anaesthesia during the period of the study. Of these, 470 (92.9 percent) patients were below the age of 40 years (Group A) and 36 (7.1 percent) patients were 40 years of age and older (Group B). No incidences of severe intraoperative complications (excessive bleeding or mandibular fractures) were recorded in either group, but other postoperative complications were reported in 70 (13.8 percent) patients. Of these 70 patients, 65 (92.9 percent) were from Group A and 5 (7.1 percent) were from Group B, and their complications included infected socket, dry socket, paraesthesia, and buccal space abscess.

Conclusions

No significant difference in postoperative complications following surgical removal of mandibular third molars was found between patients 40 years old and greater and those below age 40. Prophylactic surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars, based on the assumption that surgical morbidity increases with age, may not be justifiable.

Clinical Significance

Age does not predispose patients who had surgical extraction of mandibular third molars above 40 years of age to any additional surgical complications when compared to patients below the age of 40 years receiving comparable treatment.

Citation

Adeyemo WL, Ogunlewe MO, Ladeinde AL, Hassan OO, Taiwo OA. A Comparative Study of Surgical Morbidity Associated with Mandibular Third-Molar Surgery in Young and Aging Populations. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):001-008. Available from: http:// www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue4- adeyemo

1,472

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ahmed Abd El-Meguid Mostafa Hamdy, Mohamed Abd El-Moneam Ibrahem

Management of Aphthous Ulceration with Topical Quercetin: A Randomized Clinical Trial

[Year:2010] [Month:July] [Volume:11] [Number:4] [Pages:8] [Pages No:9 - 16]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-11-4-9  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Recurrent aphthous ulceration is the most commonly known oral mucosal disease. Quercetin is a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of colitis and gastric ulcer. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of topical application of quercetin in the treatment of minor aphthous ulcers.

Methods and Materials

Forty male patients with no known pathology of the oral mucosa other than minor aphthous ulcers were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups, each consisting of 20 patients. Group 1 (control group) patients used a benzydamine hydrochloride mouthwash three times daily. Group 2 patients placed two to three dabs of quercetin three times daily directly on their ulcers. Clinical evaluation of patients included assessment of ulcer size, pain measure, and interviews regarding the topical application of quercetin in terms of consistency, taste, local tolerability, and ease of application.

Results

The topical application of quercetin cream to minor mouth ulcers relieved pain and produced complete healing in seven of the Group 2 patients (35 percent) in 2–4 days, 18 patients (90 percent) in 4–7 days, and 20 patients (100 percent) in 7–10 days. When comparing the mean ulcer size after 10 days, lesions in the Group 2 patients were smaller than those in Group 1, and the size difference between the two groups was significantly different (p<0.004). Also, 90 percent of patients responded that they appreciated the ease of application when using the topical quercetin, and they did not object to its consistency or taste.

Conclusion

Quercetin is a safe, well-tolerated, and highly effective promising new, adjunctive treatment for healing common aphthous ulcers.

Clinical Significance

Although aphthous ulcers typically resolve on their own in one to two weeks, the daily topical application of quercetin may be useful in accelerating the healing process of minor aphthous ulcers.

Citation

Hamdy AAEM, Ibrahem MAE. Management of Aphthous Ulceration with Topical Quercetin: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):009-016. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue4-hamdy

3,568

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Vinicius Rosa, Bárbara Pick, Tatiana Rocha Azeredo, Eduardo Augusto Mascarenhas Cruz Filho, Walter Gomes Miranda Júnior

Are Flowable Resin-Based Composites a Reliable Material for Metal Orthodontic Bracket Bonding?

[Year:2010] [Month:July] [Volume:11] [Number:4] [Pages:8] [Pages No:17 - 24]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-11-4-17  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To compare the tensile bond strength (TBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of three flowable resin-based composites and three orthodontic adhesive systems for metal bracket bonding.

Methods and Materials

Sixty bovine incisors were randomly divided into six groups. Enamel surfaces were etched with 37 percent phosphoric acid for 30 seconds and stainless steel orthodontic brackets were bonded using either flowable resinbased composites (3M Flow, FL; Tetric Flow, TF; and Wave, WA) or orthodontic bonding systems (Transbond XT, TX; Concise Orthodontic, CO; Fill Magic Ortodôntico, FM). All specimens were thermal cycled and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours, after which they were subsequently tested for TBS using a universal testing machine. ARI scores were determined after the failure of brackets. TBS and ARI data were submitted to ANOVA, Tukey, and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p=0.05), respectively.

Results

Rankings of the resin-based composites based on TBS means (MPa) were TX (6.4±2.1), followed by CO (4.5±2.7), FM (3.7±1.2), FL (3.6±1.2), TF (3.3±1.2), and WA (2.4±0.6). CO exhibited the lowest ARI mean score (0.9±1.2) which was significantly different from the other five materials: TX (2.8±0.42), FM (2.8±0.42), FL (2.9±0.32), TF (2.9±0.32), and WA (3.0±0.01). However, there were no statistically significant differences among the other groups with mean scores of 2.8–3.0. A score of 3.0 indicated that all the resin remained bonded to the tooth surface.

Conclusions

The flowable resin-based composites tested (Fl, TF, and WA) used to bond metal orthodontic brackets to bovine enamel had low mean TBS values but acceptable ARI mean scores.

Clinical Significance

Flowable composites may not be appropriate for bracket bonding, unless the teeth to be bonded are not subjected to higher orthodontic stresses, such as those without an antagonist.

Citation

Pick B, Rosa V, Azeredo TR, Filho EAMC, Miranda Júnior WG. Are Flowable Resin-Based Composites a Reliable Material for Metal Orthodontic Bracket Bonding? J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):017-024. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume11-issue4-pick

1,591

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Fatin Awartani, Farhad Atassi

Oral Hygiene Status among Orthodontic Patients

[Year:2010] [Month:July] [Volume:11] [Number:4] [Pages:8] [Pages No:25 - 32]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-11-4-25  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral hygiene status of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.

Methods and Materials

The following indices were used to evaluate the oral hygiene status of patients in orthodontic treatment: gingival bleeding index (GBI), plaque index (PI), and ortho-plaque index (OPI). A self-administrated questionnaire was prepared covering oral hygiene practice, oral hygiene cleaning aids, and number of visits to a dental hygienist.

Results

Fifty patients (15–30 years old) were selected for the study from among the orthodontic patients treated at the King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results showed that the PI and OPI were high with mean scores of 65.24 (SD 16.43) and 53.56 (SD 8.74) respectively, while the average GBI was a much lower value at 19.14 (SD 7.95). No significant difference was observed between male and female patients for the PI (p=0.925) and for the OPI (p=0.072), but a significant difference was observed for the GBI at the 5 percent significance level (p=0.033). The result of OPI showed that 20 (40 percent) of the patients had fair oral hygiene, whereas 30 (60 percent) had poor oral hygiene. Only 16 (32 percent) of the participants reported visiting the dental hygienist during their orthodontic treatment, while the remaining 34 (68 percent) did not.

Conclusion

The oral home care of the orthodontic patients surveyed was not at an optimal level, which indicated the need to establish an oral hygiene maintenance program.

Clinical Significance

Inadequate oral home care among orthodontic patients may make them more prone to develop gingivitis during orthodontic treatment. It is, therefore, essential that oral hygiene instructions and a hygiene maintenance program not be overlooked during orthodontic treatment.

Citation

Atassi F, Awartani F. Oral Hygiene Status among Orthodontic Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):025-032. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume11-issue4-atassi

6,009

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Fatih Kazanci, Mevlut Celikoglu, Ozkan Miloglu, Husamettin Oktay

Third-Molar Agenesis among Patients from the East Anatolian Region of Turkey

[Year:2010] [Month:July] [Volume:11] [Number:4] [Pages:8] [Pages No:33 - 40]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-11-4-33  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of third-molar agenesis in orthodontic patients from the East Anatolian Region of Turkey.

Methods and Materials

Our data were obtained from the panoramic radiographs of the 2,579 patients 12 to 16 years of age in the Department of Orthodontics at the Atatürk University in Erzurum, Turkey. Subjects with congenital deformities, such as a cleft palate, were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and a chi-squared test.

Results

Of the 2,579 subjects, 1,964 (76.2 percent) had all four third-molar teeth, 238 (9.2 percent) had three, 214 (8.3 percent) had two, 66 (2.6 percent) had one third molar, and 97 (3.8 percent) had agenesis of all third-molar teeth. There was no significant difference in agenesis of third-molar teeth between the right and left sides and no gender predilection was noted. However, significantly more third-molar teeth were found to be missing from the maxilla compared to the mandible, with a ratio of approximately 1.5:1.

Conclusion

According to our results, the absence of one third molar is the most frequently detected pattern in the East Anatolian population. Additionally, the absence of third molars is more frequent in the maxilla than the mandible.

Clinical Significance

To date no information about third-molar agenesis in the East Anatolian population from Turkey is documented. This is believed to be the first known study on this subject in this population.

Citation

Kazanci F, Celikoglu M, Miloglu O, Oktay H. Third-Molar Agenesis among Patients from the East Anatolian Region of Turkey. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):033-040. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue4-kazanci

1,856

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Hayder A. Hashim

Management of Crowded Class 1 Malocclusion with Serial Extractions: Report of a Case

[Year:2010] [Month:July] [Volume:11] [Number:4] [Pages:8] [Pages No:41 - 48]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-11-4-41  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this article is to show the value of serial extractions in a young patient with severe crowding.

Background

Serial extraction is a technique advocated for use by Kjellgren1 in 1948 due to a shortage of orthodontists at the time. This form of treatment was intended to facilitate the treatment of orthodontic cases by general dentists to minimize the demand upon the orthodontist.

Case Description

An eight-year-old Sudanese female did not like the appearance of her anterior teeth. Clinical examination revealed a Class I molar relationship, severe crowding of the maxillary and mandibular arches, minimum overjet, and minimum overbite.

Results

The patient's treatment included serial extractions. The treatment resulted in improved esthetics, good arch alignment, and occlusion while maintaining her Class I molar relationship, overjet, and overbite.

Summary

This case demonstrated that despite the criticism some may direct toward this interceptive technique, good clinical results can be achieved in carefully selected cases.

Clinical Significance

There are certain clinical situations when treatment planning the use of serial extractions can prove beneficial to young patients.

Citation

Hashim HA. Management of Crowded Class 1 Malocclusion with Serial Extractions: Report of a Case. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):041-048. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ volume11-issue4-hashim

3,256

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Siddharth Gupta, Rahul R. Bhowate, Ashok Bhati

Hereditary Opalescent Dentin: A Report of Two Cases

[Year:2010] [Month:July] [Volume:11] [Number:4] [Pages:7] [Pages No:49 - 55]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-11-4-49  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this case report is to present the clinical and radiographic findings of hereditary opalescent dentin to facilitate an early diagnosis.

Background

Hereditary opalescent dentin (or dentinogenesis imperfecta) may manifest itself in three variations: i.e., Shields type I, Shields type II, and Shields type III. Dentinogenesis imperfecta occurs as an autosomal dominant trait with variable expressivity, either in presence with osteogenesis imperfecta or as a separate clinical entity in persons who have none of the features of osteogenesis imperfecta.

Case Descriptions

A seven-year old boy and his mother were both diagnosed with hereditary opalescent dentin. A review of the family dental history revealed that this condition affected not only the child's mother but his maternal grandfather and great grandfather. Both the son and the mother exhibited the same clinical and radiologic features as those reported previously with no evidence of osteogenesis imperfecta.

Summary

Being an autosomal disease, hereditary opalescent dentin runs in the family and can affect both the deciduous and permanent dentitions as a dominant trait.

Clinical Significance

Once a patient is diagnosed with hereditary opalescent dentin, other family members should be evaluated given the condition is hereditary.

Citation

Gupta S, Bhowate RR, Bhati A. Hereditary Opalescent Dentin: A Report of Two Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):049-055. Available from: http://www. thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue4-gupta

1,977

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Yusuf Ziya Bayindir, Yahya Orcun Zorba, Cagatay Barutcugil

Direct Laminate Veneers with Resin Composites: Two Case Reports with Five-Year Follow-ups

[Year:2010] [Month:July] [Volume:11] [Number:4] [Pages:7] [Pages No:56 - 62]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-11-4-56  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this report is to present five-year follow-ups of two different applications for the use of direct laminate resin-based composite veneers to improve esthetics.

Background

Defects in the maxillary anterior teeth, such as enamel hypoplasia and peg lateral, can present esthetic challenges. Furthermore, a treatment plan that can be completed in a single appointment is highly desirable. This case report presents two different clinical cases involving the use of direct laminate resin-based composite veneers with five-year follow-ups.

Case Report

Case 1: A 17-year-old female patient was referred for treatment of her anterior teeth, which were unesthetically altered due to enamel hypoplasia and dental caries. A treatment plan was developed that included restoring the affected teeth with direct resin-based composite laminate veneers to improve the patient's appearance. The six maxillary anterior teeth were prepared for and restored with direct resinbased composite laminate veneers. At the fiveyear follow-up, the patient was satisfied with the restorations both esthetically and functionally.

Case 2: A 15-year-old female patient also was referred for treatment to improve the appearance of her maxillary anterior teeth. A treatment plan was developed with two objectives: (1) to restore the undersized supernumerary crown in the area of the maxillary right lateral incisor and (2) to close the anterior diastemas. The facial surfaces were conservatively prepared and resin-based composite was applied with the aid of transparent crown forms. After completion of the treatment, the patient was recalled at six-month intervals. At the five-year follow-up appointment, the restorations were intact, no adverse effects were noted, and the resultant appearance was highly satisfactory for the patient.

Summary

The use of direct resin-based composite laminate veneers and adhesive bonding systems has been shown to provide an esthetic alternative to metal-ceramic or all-ceramic crowns for the rehabilitation of anterior teeth. This treatment option offers another advantage, namely a lower cost compared to an indirect technique. Other more complex and costly treatment options in the future are not ruled out.

Clinical Significance

In the present two cases, the initial and five-year follow-up results support the use of direct resin-based composite laminate veneers with minimal altering of healthy tooth structure. Such results should encourage clinicians to seek a cost-effective technique such as direct resin restorations to improve a patient's esthetic appearance in a single appointment.

Citation

Zorba YO, Bayindir YZ, Barutcugil C. Direct Laminate Veneers with Resin Composites: Two Case Reports with Five-Year Follow-ups. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):056-062. Available from: http://www. thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue4-zorba

2,985

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ralf Kollefrath, Marcel Savary, Jörg Schwela

An Evaluation of the Fit of Metal-Ceramic Restorations Made with an Autoclaved Silicone-Based Impression Material

[Year:2010] [Month:July] [Volume:11] [Number:4] [Pages:8] [Pages No:63 - 70]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-11-4-63  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To demonstrate the clinical feasibility of autoclaving certain silicone impression materials in order to avoid potential cross-contamination during handling, transport, and subsequent processing.

Background

Semicritical devices are recommended to be treated at least with high-level disinfectants or actually steam sterilized at 134°C. To date dental impressions have been disinfected rather than sterilized, so the question remains should they be sterilized before being sent to the dental laboratory?

Case Descriptions

Two identical impressions per case were made of metal-ceramic crown and fixed partial denture preparations on the same patient using addition type polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression materials (AFFINIS, R Coltene/ Whaledent AG, 9450 Altstatten, Switzerland) in different trays. The first impression (IMPx1) was cleaned and treated with an intermediate-level disinfectant (FD 322.Fast Disinfection Spray, Durr Dental, 74321 Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany). The second impression (IMPx2) was cleaned, treated with an intermediate-level disinfectant as with IMPx1, subjected to a computer tomography (CT) scan with a dimensional resolution of ±10 μm, steam sterilized, and then subjected to a second CT scan. The dimensional changes of the second impression after steam sterilization were calculated by comparing the overlay of the two CT scans and expressed by color coding of the impression graphics. After the second scan, the impression was sent to a dental laboratory to fabricate a metal-ceramic crown or metal-ceramic fixed partial denture restoration to the one produced from the first impression (IMPx1) subjected only to disinfection. This process was repeated for four clinical cases.

Conclusion

Impressions made with AFFINIS® silicone impression materials in a rigid reinforced polycarbonate impression tray or in a metal dual-arch tray can be autoclaved. The overall dimensional stability of the impressions and the quality of single crowns and small fixed partial dentures made using IMPx2 was not compromised. The maximum dimensional differences at the preparations of the nonautoclaved and the autoclaved impressions were found to be within acceptable limits of about 50–100 ìm.

Clinical Significance

Steam sterilization of AFFINIS® impressions is possible without adversely affecting dimensional change. In addition, clinicians can clearly indicate to the dental practice and laboratory personnel that sterilization of the impressions has been performed, cross-contamination is unlikely, and the impressions present no apparent health hazard during transport and subsequent processing.

Disclosure

Dr. Kollefrath is head of Research and Development, Elastomers at Coltène/ Whaledent AG, Altstätten, Switzerland, the manufacturer of the impression material evaluated in this report.

Citation

Kollefrath R, Savary M, Schwela J. An Evaluation of the Fit of Metal-Ceramic Restorations Made with an Autoclaved Silicone- Based Impression Material. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):063-070. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume11-issue4-kollefrath

1,532

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.