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2014 | January-February | Volume 15 | Issue 1

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EDITORIAL

Priyanshi Ritwik

Patient Autonomy in Evidence-based Dentistry

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-15-1-i  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

1,189

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Mojgan Alaeddini, Roohollah Barghammadi, Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam

An Analysis of Biopsy-proven Tongue Lesions among 8,105 Dental Outpatients

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:7] [Pages No:1 - 7]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1478  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of the present study was to analyze data on the characteristics of tongue lesions in dental patients seeking care at the Oral Pathology Service of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, from 1985-2010.

Materials and methods

Demographic data and histopathologic diagnoses were recorded for all lesions that were documented as occurring on the tongue according to the patient records in our department. Statistical analysis included chi-square, t-, and Fisher's exact tests. A 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated, and p < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results

Tongue lesions constituted 6.3% of all received specimens which included 46 different defects. The most common lesions were lichen planus (LP), irritation fibroma (IF), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV). Tongue lesions were significantly more common in women compared to men (CI = 0.65-0.94, p = 0.02). Mean age (47 years) did not differ between male and female subjects (CI = −2.49 – 3.93, p = 0.06). The dorsal surface followed by the lateral aspect was the most common site for tongue lesions.

Conclusion

It seems that dental practitioners should be perceptive of LP, IF, SCC and PV, when examining the tongue. Histopathologic analysis is essential for achieving final diagnosis in a considerable number of lesions that commonly occur on this organ.

Clinical significance

Access to demographic/prevalence data in different populations may be useful in clinical settings and could be complimented by histopathologic diagnosis in most instances. The present findings can be compared with those obtained from other epidemiologic studies in this field resulting in valuable data which may be used in several types of investigations.

How to cite this article

Alaeddini M, Barghammadi R, Eshghyar N, Etemad-Moghadam S. An Analysis of Biopsyproven Tongue Lesions among 8,105 Dental Outpatients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):1-7.

3,577

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Mina Motallebnejad, Seyed Mohammad Abedi, M Seyedmajidi, AA Moghadamnia, M Ashrafpour, M Salehi, D Moslemi, A Ghorbani

Evaluation of Protective Effect of Propolis on Parotid Salivary Glands in Gamma-irradiated Rats

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:8 - 11]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1479  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objective and background

One of the most significant side effects of radiotherapy for head and neck cancers is xerostomia as a result of salivary gland damage. Considering pharmacological effects of propolis, we evaluated its protective effect on salivary glands subjected to radiotherapy of head and neck cancer patients.

Materials and methods

Twenty-one male albino rats (8-11 W, 190 ± 5 gm) were divided into three groups of seven animals. Scintigraphy was performed in all the groups. Then groups 1 (S) and 2 (SR) received normal saline injections and group 3 (PR) received propolis injection over 3 days. After that groups 2 and 3 were exposed to gamma radiation and all the rats underwent scintigraphic assessment on third day and 70th day after irradiation. The lips and tongues of rats in groups 2 and 3 were examined for mucositis daily in first 10 days. At the end, the parotid glands of all rats were examined histologically.

Results

Scintigraphy results of third and 70th day after irradiation showed statistically significant differences between PR and SR as well as SR and S. However, there was no significant difference between the PR and S groups. Histopathologic assessment demonstrated significant difference between SR, PR and S.

Conclusion

These results suggest that propolis has protective effects on salivary gland function in animal models whilst it did not prevent radiation-induced histologic changes in tissues. Further investigations are needed to elucidate mechanisms of propolis actions.

Clinical significance

Regarding to the results of this study, propolis may be useful in reduction xerostomia due to radiation to salivary glands and may be helpful for head and neck cancer patients.

How to cite this article

Motallebnejad M, Abedi SM, Seyedmajidi M, Moghadamnia AA, Ashrafpour M, Salehi M, Moslemi D, Ghorbani A. Evaluation of Protective Effect of Propolis on Parotid Salivary Glands in Gamma-irradiated Rats. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):8-11.

4,278

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Adriana Bona Matos, Bruna Uglik Garbui, Cynthia Soares de Azevedo, Caroline Martins e Silva, Maria Regina Lorenzetti Simionato, Anderson Zanardi de Freitas

Obtaining Artificially Caries-affected Dentin for in vitro Studies

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:8] [Pages No:12 - 19]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1480  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

This study evaluated and improved a protocol for obtaining standard caries-affected dentin (CAD) by Streptococcus mutans biofilm demineralization process.

Materials and methods

Forty-eight human molars were divided in six experimental groups, according to: period of cariogenic challenge (7, 14 or 21 days) and type of dentin (erupted or unerupted teeth). After complete cariogenic challenge sound and CAD dentin were evaluated by: visual inspection (VI), digital radiography (DR), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and laser fluorescence (LF).

Results

Visual inspection confirmed the formation of CAD based on tissue yellowing and loss of surface gloss. Digital radiography detected the presence of radiolucent images, suggesting caries. Three calibrated examiners viewed all images obtained by VI and DR and were able to distinguish healthy from CAD. Fisher's exact statistical test (p < 0.05) confirmed no difference between groups by VI (G1/G4: p = 0.6; G2/G5: p = 1; G3/G6: p = 1) or DR (G1/G4: p = 1; G2/G5: p = 1; G3/G6: p = 1). Both LF values and demineralization depth, as determined by OCT, were subjected to ANOVA (p < 0.05). For LF, a statistically significant difference was observed for the type of substrate (p = 0.001). For OCT, no statistically significant differences in the type of substrate (p = 0.163), length of cariogenic challenge (p = 0.512) or interaction between factors (p = 0.148) were observed. Scanning electron micrographs confirmed the presence of CAD; a more uniform demineralization surface was observed in the dentin of unerupted teeth.

Conclusion

This protocol suggests that standard CAD can be obtained in 7 days of cariogenic challenge using unerupted teeth.

Clinical significance

With the new perspective on the clinical treatment of caries lesions, bonding is increasingly performed to demineralize CAD, which is susceptible to remineralization. A useful protocol to standardize the production of CAD, by microbiological cariogenic challenge, would be an important contribution to laboratorial test in the field of operative dentistry.

How to cite this article

Azevedo CS, Garbui BU, Silva CM, Simionato MRL, Freitas AZ, Matos AB. Obtaining Artificially Caries-affected Dentin for in vitro Studies. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):12-19.

3,346

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Meenakshi Nankar, Hrishikesh Walimbe, Mohammed Nadeem Ahmed Bijle, Ujwal Kontham, Ananth Kamath, Sneha Muchandi

Comparative Evaluation of Cariogenic and Erosive Potential of Commonly Prescribed Pediatric Liquid Medicaments: An in vitro Study

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:6] [Pages No:20 - 25]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1481  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

Liquid oral medicines being the most accepted form of medication in children are frequently prescribed. The harmful effects of these liquid medicaments on a child's dental health are not known to many. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the cariogenic and erosive potential of 5 most commonly prescribed pediatric liquid medicaments (PLM) in Pimpri Chinchwad and Pune city, Pune district.

Materials and methods

Most commonly prescribed PLM in Pune district were selected as opined by 50 pediatricians. The selected medicaments were Syr. Augmentin®Duo, Syr. Valparin®, Syr. Combiflam®, Syr. Visyneral and Syr. Orofer®. An estimation of pH, percentage of sucrose concentration and calcium dissolving capacity of these preparations was carried out. The results as obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS v 17.0 for windows. The statistical test as undertaken was Pearson's correlation coefficient(r).

Results

Sucrose was seen to be present in Syr. Combiflam® (35.75% ± 0.25%) and Syr. Visyneral (18.48% ± 0.43%). Acidic pH was observed for Syr. Visyneral (mean pH 3.63 ± 0.04), Syr. Combiflam® (mean pH 5.03 ± 0.02) and Syr. Augmentin® (mean pH 6.22 ± 0.02). Highest calcium dissolution was seen with Syr. Combiflam® (295.86 mg/ml) and the least with Syr. Orofer® (25.51 mg/ml). No statistical significant correlation was observed with calcium dissolution potential of PLM in comparison with their respective pH.

Conclusion

Syr. Combiflam® can be regarded as the highest cariogenic and erosive potential medicament among the compared and tested PLM.

Clinical significance

Considering syrups with high cariogenic and erosive potential should always follow with proper oral hygiene practices or search for an alternative drugs void of such detrimental effects.

How to cite this article

Nankar M, Walimbe H, Bijle MNA, Kontham U, Kamath A, Muchandi S. Comparative Evaluation of Cariogenic and Erosive Potential of Commonly Prescribed Pediatric Liquid Medicaments: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):20-25.

5,327

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Milton Carlos Kuga, Máyra Andressa Rodrigues Valinhos Piccioni, Flares Baratto-Filho, Eduardo Christiano Caregnatto de Morais, Edson Alves Campos

Cuspal Movement related to Different Polymerization Protocols

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:26 - 28]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1482  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study to investigate the effects of different polymerization protocols on the cuspal movement in class II composite restorations.

Materials and methods

Human premolar teeth were prepared with class II cavities and then restored with composite and three-step and two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive systems under different curing techniques (n = 10). It was used a lightemitting- diode curing unit and the mode of polymerization were: standard (exposure for 40 seconds at 700 mW/cm2), pulse-delay (initial exposure for 6 seconds at 350 mW/cm2 followed by a resting period of 3 minutes and a final exposure of 37 seconds at 700 mW/cm2) and soft-start curing (exposure 10 seconds at 350 mW/cm2 and 35 seconds at 700 mW/cm2). The cuspal distance (ìm) was measured before and after the restorative procedure and the difference was recorded as cuspal movement. The data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test (p < 0.05).

Results

The type of adhesive system did not influenced the cuspal movement for all the curing methods. Standard protocol showed the highest values of cuspal movement and was statistically different from the pulse-delay and soft-start curing modes.

Conclusion

Although the cuspal displacement was not completely avoided, alternative methods of photocuring should be considered to minimize the clinical consequences of composites contraction stress.

How to cite this article

Piccioni MARV, Baratto-Filho F, Kuga MC, de Morais ECC, Campos EA. Cuspal Movement related to Different Polymerization Protocols. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):26-28.

1,169

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Luiz Renato Paranhos, Miller Zaroni, João Paulo de Carli, Roberta Okamoto, Lucas Villaça Zogheib, Fernando César Torres

Association between the Facial Type and Morphology of the Upper Central Incisor in Normal Occlusion Subjects

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:29 - 33]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1183  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this study was to verify the association between the facial type and the morphology of the upper central incisor, to potentially provide a guide for artificial tooth selection in esthetic and prosthetic rehabilitation.

Materials and methods

The sample consisted of 51 lateral teleradiographs (lateral cephalometric radiographs) and cast models of subjects with a naturally optimal occlusion and at least four of the six keys of Andrews, for optimal occlusion. The facial type was defined by two cephalometric measurements (SN.Gn and SN.GoGn) and classified into dolichofacial, mesofacial and brachyfacial after digitizing the radiographs. The incisor morphology was classified into quadrangular, oval and triangular after 3D digitizing the models and evaluation of the images by 12 dentists. The evaluation between the examiners was performed by Kappa test. In order to test the differences between the variables, it was used a chi-square test (5%).

Results

No significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between the studied variables.

Conclusion

Facial type was not associated with the morphology of the upper central incisor, considering the methodology and population included in the present study.

Clinical significance

Using the facial type as a way to select the morphology of the upper central incisor proved to be inadequate in this study.

How to cite this article

Paranhos LR, Zaroni M, de Carli JP, Okamoto R, Zogheib LV, Torres FC. Association between the Facial Type and Morphology of the Upper Central Incisor in Normal Occlusion Subjects. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014; 15(1):29-33.

2,436

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Nishi Singh, Amiya Agrawal, Arvind Yadav, Siddhartha Chandel, Ankita Singhal

Wisdom Tooth—Complications in Extraction

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:34 - 36]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1484  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Agrawal A, Yadav A, Chandel S, Singh N, Singhal A. Wisdom Tooth—Complications in Extraction. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):34-36.

3,486

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Varun Sardana, Shobha Deshpande, Guneet Gogia

Evaluation of Marginal Alveolar Bone Height for Early Detection of Periodontal Disease in Pediatric Population: Clinical and Radiographic Study

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:9] [Pages No:37 - 45]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1185  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objectives

To establish a normal range for the radiographic distance between cementoenamel junction and alveolar bone crest and the factors affecting distances for the early assessment of periodontal disease in Dravidian pediatric population.

Methods

Fifty children aged 6 to 8 years were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical and radiographic examination was performed. All the surfaces were examined starting from the distal surface of primary canine to the mesial surface of first permanent molar. The various risk factors like plaque, calculus, proximal caries, restoration and bleeding on probing were recorded. A pair of bitewing radiographs was taken for each child. Bitewing radiographs were traced and analyzed.

Results

It showed that CEJ-ABC distance in primary teeth is about 1 ± 0.5 mm. In the permanent teeth, it was found to be 0.6 ± 0.5 mm in 6 to 8 years age group. CEJ-ABC distance was also affected by different variables like physiologic (eruption and exfoliation) and pathologic factors (plaque, calculus, dental caries, restorations, stainless steel crowns, bleeding on probing and probing depth).

Conclusion

CEJ-ABC distances greater than 2.5 mm should be considered under recall and follow-up. Children and adolescents susceptible to periodontal disease should be identified by radiographic means as early as possible in order to prevent the advance of an otherwise possibly destructive disease. The concept of oral health examination and treatment must include examination of the periodontal status of the patient.

How to cite this article

Sardana V, Balappanavar AY, Deshpande S, Shigli A, Indushekar KR, Gogia G. Evaluation of Marginal Alveolar Bone Height for Early Detection of Periodontal Disease in Pediatric Population: Clinical and Radiographic Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):37-45.

1,839

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Naim Z Al-Rayes, Mohammad Y Hajeer

Evaluation of Occlusal Contacts among Different Groups of Malocclusion using 3D Digital Models

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:10] [Pages No:46 - 55]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1486  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objectives

(1) To evaluate the applicability of using 3D digital models in the assessment of the magnitude of occlusal contacts by measuring occlusal contact surface areas (OCSAs) and 3D mesh points in ‘contact’ (OCMPs) in a sample of orthodontic patients; (2) To detect any sex differences in the magnitude of occlusal contacts in all malocclusion groups; (3) To detect intergroup differences; (4) To assess possible correlations between occlusal contacts and other dental characteristics.

Materials and methods

Study casts of 120 malocclusion patients were selected and divided into 4 groups (class I division 1, class II division 1, class II division 2, class III) with equal numbers for both sexes. 3D digital models were produced using O3DM™ technology. Occlusal contacts were quantified using two methods of measuring.

Results

(1) No significant sexual differences were detected for OCMPs (mesh points) and OCSAs (mm2) in all groups. (2) There were statistically significant differences among malocclusion groups for OCMPs and OCSAs (p < 0.001). Tukey's HSD posthoc tests showed that class III patients had significantly less occlusal contacts than other malocclusion groups. (3) Stepwise multiple regression equations showed that overjet, lower arch width and overbite could explain approximately 19.5% of the total variance of OCSAs and OCMPs.

Conclusion

Sexual differences in occlusal contacts were not detected. Class I division 1 patients had the highest amount of occlusal contacts among all groups of malocclusion. Overjet, overbite and lower dental arch width were best predictors of occlusal contacts in the current sample.

How to cite this article

Al-Rayes NZ, Hajeer MY. Evaluation of Occlusal Contacts among Different Groups of Malocclusion using 3D Digital Models. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):46-55.

1,564

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Matheus Coelho Bandéca, Adriana Santos Malheiros, Rudys Rodolfo de Jesus Tavarez, Leily Macedo Firoozmand, Mônica Barros Silva

Overlays or Ceramic Fragments for Tooth Restoration: An Analysis of Fracture Resistance

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:56 - 60]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1487  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mode of fracture and resistance of partial ceramic restorations of posterior teeth.

Materials and methods

Thirty healthy upper premolars were selected and divided into three groups (n = 10): Group 1— control, healthy unrestored teeth, group 2—teeth restored with ceramic fragments; and group 3—teeth restored with ceramic overlays. The restorations were manufactured with feldspathic ceramic and cemented with RelyX ARC resin cement. After being stored in distilled water for 7 days, the teeth were subjected to axial compression mechanical testing with a universal testing machine. Force was applied to the long axis of the tooth at a speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). The mode of fracture was scored according to the degree of involvement of the tooth structure and the type of restoration.

Results

A significant difference (p < 0.05) was showed between groups 2 (1155 N) and 3 (846.6 N), but there was no significant difference between group 1 and the other groups (1046 N), More extensive fractures were prevalent in the healthy teeth group (Group 1), which had no occlusal coverage; less severe fractures were found in groups 2 and 3.

Conclusion

We conclude that teeth restored with ceramic fragments may offer greater resistance to fractures compared to teeth that have overlay restorations.

How to cite this article

de Jesus Tavarez RR, Firoozmand LM, Silva MB, Malheiros AS, Bandéca MC. Overlays or Ceramic Fragments for Tooth Restoration: An Analysis of Fracture Resistance. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):56-60.

3,349

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Shelon Cristina Souza Pinto, Ana Rita Marques da Silva, Elizabete Brasil dos Santos, Fábio André dos Santos, Paulo Vitor Farago, João Carlos Gomes, Irene Pina-Vaz, Manuel Fontes Carvalho

New Intracanal Formulations Containing Doxycycline or Chlorhexidine Against Enterococcus faecalis

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:61 - 65]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1488  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

da Silva ARM, Pinto SCS, dos Santos EB, dos Santos FA, Farago PV, Gomes JC, Pina-Vaz I, Carvalho MF. New Intracanal Formulations Containing Doxycycline or Chlorhexidine Against Enterococcus faecalis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):61-65.

3,140

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Yuri Dal Bello, João Vicente Barbizam, Vinicius Rosa

Structural Reinforcement and Sealing Ability of Temporary Fillings in Premolar with Class II MOD Cavities

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:66 - 70]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1489  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To evaluate the capability to reinforce tooth structure and sealing ability of temporary filling materials in premolars with MOD cavities. The hypothesis is that temporary filling materials can concomitantly prevent microleakage and increase fracture resistance.

Materials and methods

Premolars received root canal treatment and MOD cavities. Cavities were restored with noneugenol cement (CIM), glass ionomer cement (GIC) or light curable composite (BIO). Higid and without restoration were controls. Materials for flexual strength and teeth were tested for microleakage and compressive strength.

Results

GIC and Higid presented similar compressive strength, higher than other groups. Bio and GIC presented similar flexural strength higher than BIO. CIM and BIO showed similar microleakage lower than GIC.

Conclusion

The hypothesis was rejected as filling materials tested failed to prevent microleakage and to increase fracture resistance concomitantly.

Clinical significance

GIC may be considered to restore weakened teeth subjected to occlusal loads. BIO and CIM are better choices to microleakage in teeth not subjected to mechanical stresses.

How to cite this article

Bello YD, Barbizam JV, Rosa V. Structural Reinforcement and Sealing Ability of Temporary Fillings in Premolar with Class II MOD Cavities. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):66-70.

3,491

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Zeeshan H Ahmad, H Ravikumar, RS Preethanath, Anil Sukumaran

Study of the Anesthetic Efficacy of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block using Articaine in Irreversible Pulpitis

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:71 - 74]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1490  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this study was to determine the anesthetic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) using 4% articaine and 2% lidocaine supplemented with buccal infiltration.

Materials and methods

Forty five patients, diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis of a mandibular posterior tooth were included in the study. The first group of 15 patients received 2% lidocaine with 1:200000 epinephrine, the second group 2% lidocaine with 1: 80,000 epinephrine and the third group of 15 subjects received 4% articaine with 1:100000 epinephrine. During the access cavity preparation those patients who complained of pain received an additional buccal infiltration. The percentage of subjects who got profound anesthesia and failure to achieve anesthesia were calculated and tabulated using a visual analog scale.

Results

The results revealed that 87% of subjects who received 4% Articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine got satisfactory anesthesia with inferior alveolar nerve block alone. Only 2 (13%) subjects received an additional buccal infiltration and none of the patients failed to obtain complete anesthesia with articaine. In comparison only 40% of subjects got complete anesthesia with 2% lidocaine with 1:200000 and 60% with 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that 4% articaine can be used effectively for obtaining profound anesthesia for endodontic procedures in patients with irreversible pulpitis.

How to cite this article

Ahmad ZH, Ravikumar H, Karale R, Preethanath RS, Sukumaran A. Study of the Anesthetic Efficacy of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block using Articaine in Irreversible Pulpitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):71-74.

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Lourenço Correr Sobrinho, Sandra Costa Zamboni, Lafayette Nogueira, Marco Antonio Bottino, Luiz Felipe Valandro

The Effect of Mechanical Loading on the Cusp Deflection of Premolars Restored with Direct and Indirect Techniques

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:7] [Pages No:75 - 81]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1491  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

This study assessed the effect of fatigue load cycling on human premolars restored with MOD restorations (direct and indirect approaches) on cuspal deflection, compared to intact teeth (unprepared) and unrestored teeth with an inlay preparation.

Materials and methods

MOD inlay preparations were performed on sixty premolars with their roots embedded in acrylic resin. These teeth were divided into six groups (n = 10): (1) intact teeth; (2) unrestored and prepared teeth; (3) teeth restored with direct composite resin; (4) teeth restored with an indirect composite resin; (5) teeth restored with injected ceramic inlays (IPS Empress 2 (Ivoclar); (6) teeth restored with CAD/CAM inlays made of feldspathic ceramic (Vita Mark II). All of the indirect restorations were adhesively cemented. Strain-gauges were bonded to the buccal and lingual surfaces of the specimens. Compressive axial loading of 100N was applied on the occlusal face of the specimens to measure the cuspal deflection (microstrain) under compressive loading. These measurements were obtained before and after mechanical cycling (1 Hz, 37°C, 100,000x).

Results

Comparing the results obtained before and after fatiguing, the cuspal deflection increased only in the CAD/CAM approach. The prepared tooth group had the highest cuspal deflection, before and after mechanical cycling.

Conclusion

the evaluated restoring approaches decrease the cuspal deflection, consequently appear to improve the cuspal reinforcement.

How to cite this article

Zamboni SC, Nogueira L, Bottino MA, Sobrinho LC, Valandro LF. Effect of Mechanical Loading on the Cusp Deflection of Premolars Restored with Direct and Indirect Techniques. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):75-81.

6,220

RESEARCH ARTICLE

K Dinesh, BV Sreenivasa Murthy, Indiresha H Narayana, Swaroop Hegde, KS Madhu, Shruthi Nagaraja

The Effect of 2% Chlorhexidine on the Bond Strength of Two Different Obturating Materials

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:82 - 85]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1492  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Dinesh K, Murthy BVS, Narayana IH, hegde S, Madhu SK, Nagaraja S. The effect of 2% chlorhexidine on the bond strength of two different obturating materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):82-85.

3,297

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Fatou Leye Benoist, Fatou Gaye Ndiaye, Babacar Faye, Khaly Bane, Papa Ibrahima Ngom, Pierre Marie Koumakh Ndong

Knowledge of and Management Attitude regarding Dentin Hypersensitivity among Dentists from a West African Country

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:6] [Pages No:86 - 91]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1493  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of the present study was to assess knowledge of, and management attitude of dentists regarding Dentin hypersensitivity.

Materials and methods

The study involved all the dentists from private and public sectors, exerting in Senegal. The following data were requested from the surveyed dentists using an anonymous questionnaire; sociodemographics (i.e. age, gender, area of activity, etc.) and knowledge on triggering factor, type of pain, diagnosis, preventive and curative procedures.

Results

Out of the 238 dentists who received the questionnaire, 68.9% returned properly filled forms. They were 116 males and 48 females with a mean age of 41.99 ± 8.50 years. Eighty three percent of the participants had a good understanding of the characteristics of pain related to DH and 92% recogni-zed chemical and thermal stimuli as triggering factor while mechanical stimulus was not evoked. Many responders (90.9%) did not have any idea of the mechanism for pain transmission across the dentin. Regarding diagnosis technique, 68% use mechanical stimuli to elicit DH pain.

Regarding management procedure, the use of desensitizing tooth paste is the mostly chosen option followed by professional topical application of fluoride. More than 1/3rd of the surveyed dentists confess resorting to root canal to manage DH.

Conclusion

We recommend incorporation of basic science knowledge on orofacial pain and competencies to manage painful conditions like dentin hypersensitivity. Also, Health regulatory institutions should make continuing dental education a requirement to preserve the dental licensure.

How to cite this article

Benoist FL, Ndiaye FG, Faye B, Bane K, Ngom PI, Ndong PMK. Knowledge of and Management Attitude regarding Dentin Hypersensitivity among Dentists from a West African Country. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):86-91.

3,281

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ilkay Peker, Meryem Toraman Alkurt

Oral Impacts on Daily Performance in Turkish Adults Attending a Dental School

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:7] [Pages No:92 - 98]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1494  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this study was to evaluate oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) in Turkish adults attending a dental school by using Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) inventory.

Materials and methods

This study included 1324 patients. A modified questionnaire including sociodemographic information, questions about OHRQOL and OIDP inventory was prepared. The questions consisted of reasons and frequency for dental attendance, self-reported oral health status of the participants and number of natural teeth was recorded.

Results

The rates of participants experienced at least one OIDP impact was 65.2% and eating was the most affected item (41.6%). There was statistically significant difference between number of missing teeth-self reported oral health status, number of missing teeth-sociodemographic factors for the participants who reported at least one OIDP impact.

Conclusion

This study showed that OHRQOL of Turkish adults attending a dental school is affected several factors including sociodemographic factors, regular dental visit and number of missing teeth similarly other societies.

Clinical significance

OIDP inventory assesses impacts of oral health conditions that affect daily activities of an individual and is commonly used as OHRQOL indicator. Also, it is important self-report information of patients about changing their oral conditions and affecting daily life for the clinicians. There is insufficient data for OIDP inventory of Turkish dental patients. OHRQOL of Turkish adults was evaluated by using OIDP inventory in this study. The scale was found as a valid and reliable instrument for Turkish dental patients and was determined the relationships between this scale and several parameters.

How to cite this article

Peker I, Alkurt MT. Oral Impacts on Daily Performance in Turkish Adults Attending a Dental School. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):92-98.

5,977

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Devatha Ashok Babu, Sanjay Krishna Sriram, Ravindra Reddy Regalla, Chandulal Jadav, Roopa Rani S Sriram

Evaluation and Comparison of Quantity and Pattern of Fluoride release from Orthodontic Adhesives: An in vitro Study

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:99 - 102]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1495  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Orthodontic treatment has gained popularity since beginning of era of dentistry. Now a day, everyone is conscious about their appearance, smile and function. During orthodontic treatment use of brackets and adhesives are common. The bonding of brackets will cause demineralization which requires the fluoridation. So the study has been undertaken to analyze the pattern of fluoride release by commercially available adhesive bonding material for the prevention of demineralization.

Aim

To evaluate and compare the clinical significance of quantity and pattern of fluoride release from three commercially available adhesives.

Objectives

To assess the pattern of fluoride release and quantity, to reduce the decalcification of enamel around orthodontic brackets and bands during treatment and to prevent further use of topical fluoride both office and self-use agents for prevention of demineralization/for remineralization.

Materials and methods

The comparison of quantity and pattern of fluoride release study involved commercially available bonding adhesives. They are: Group I—resin reinforced glass Ionomer light cure material (OrthoLC), Group II—fluoride releasing composite resin material (Excel) and Group III— conventional composite (Relay-a-bond) evaluated on 78 freshly extracted premolar teeth divided into three groups consisting 26 specimens in each group. The prepared specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37°C in an incubator for subsequent fluoride analysis using ORION ion selective electrode coupled with ionalyzer 901.

Fluoride analysis made at 24 hours intervals for first 3 consecutive days and thereafter at the end of 10th, 17th, 24th and 31st day of bonding. The data obtained were tabulated and interpreted by statistical analysis using ‘t’ test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Observations and Results

The quantity of fluoride release in groups I and II was significant even at the end of 31st day. The one-way AVOVA showed intra and inter group significance in the quantity of fluoride release. But group III with zero fluoride release with significant decalcification on enamel which requires external use of topical fluorides. The pattern of fluoride released was 3.06 ppm for group I and 2.01 ppm for group II and was declined sharply after 24 hours; and continued to decline in subsequent weeks. Mean quantity of fluoride release by group I was 15.08 ppm were as group II was 9.02 ppm over the test period of 31 days. At the end of 31st day the group I bonding adhesive was releasing considerable amount of fluoride compared to group II whereas group III was nil. At all the periods inter and intra group mean values were highly significant. And group III acted as base line or control group as it was non fluoride releasing material.

Conclusion

Both the fluoride releasing adhesive bond material are useful to reduce the risk of demineralization and further prevent the usage of topical fluoride application and reduce cost and clinical visiting time for both patient and clinician.

How to cite this article

Regalla RR, Jadav C, Babu DA, Sriram RRS, Sriram SK, Kattimani VS. Evaluation and Comparison of Quantity and Pattern of Fluoride release from Orthodontic Adhesives: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):99-102.

2,648

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ravindra Reddy Regalla, Vummidisetti V Subbarao, V Santi, G Anita

Interarch Tooth Size Relationship of Indian Population: Does Bolton's Analysis Apply?

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:103 - 107]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1496  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Orthodontists have several methods to detect inter arch-tooth size discrepancies in patients presenting for orthodontic treatment. Many methods such as Pont's analysis, Nance and Carey's analysis, Peck and Peck ratio, Bolton's analysis are commonly used methods. A thorough search of literature reveals a paucity of reliable data on the mesiodistal dimensions of the crowns of the permanent dentition of Indian population. Without information about the size of individual tooth and groups of teeth for Indian population, it is difficult for the clinician to make an adequate diagnosis and treatment plan and to carry out a plan of therapy.

Aim

To determine the size of individual permanent tooth and the sex differences, with tooth size ratios according to Bolton's formula and to evaluate the reliability of Bolton's norms (Anterior/Posterior) in Indian population.

Materials and methods

One hundred and twenty cases in which an excellent occlusion was naturally existent with the mean age of 22 years (18-27 years) were selected in the study. The casts were prepared after taking alginate impression of maxillary and mandibular arches and pouring them immediately with dental stone. A sliding Digital Vernier calliper used to measure the teeth. The ratios of the mean of mesiodistal dimensions of types of teeth were computed.

Results

The mean overall ratio for the Indian population is found to be 92.11 with a standard deviation of 2.12. The values ranged from 86.50-97.13 and the median is 92.16. The mean anterior ratio for the Indian population is found to be 78.14 with a standard deviation of 2.59.

Conclusion

Bolton's original data does not represent Indian population. In our study Greater size variability was found in maxillary teeth as compared with mandibular teeth except mandibular first molar. Our study indicated that populationspecific standards are necessary for clinical assessments. Significant differences were shown for the overall ratio and anterior ratio for both sexes as compared to Bolton's ratio.

How to cite this article

Subbarao VV, Regalla RR, Santi V, Anita G, Kattimani VS. Interarch Tooth Size Relationship of Indian Populations: Does Bolton's Analysis Apply? J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):103-107.

3,294

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Joseph E Makzoumé, Carole Abi-Ghosn

The Ala-Tragus Line as a Guide for Orientation of the Occlusal Plane in Complete Dentures

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:108 - 111]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1497  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The use of the ala-tragus line (ATL) to orient the occlusal plane (OP) is controversial because there is a lack of agreement on the exact points of reference for this line. This study determined the relationship between the natural OP and ATL which was established by using the inferior border of the ala of the nose and (1) the superior border of the tragus (ATL1), (2) the tip (ATL2), and (3) the inferior border of the tragus (ATL3).

Materials and methods

Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken of each subject by a standard method and tracings were obtained on acetate paper to show the OP and the three ala-tragus lines. The relationship between the OP and each of ATL was measured for each subject. Mean and standard deviation values were then calculated for the relationship. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measure analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni pairwise comparisons and Student's t-test (α = 0.05).

Results

Significant differences were noted between the three mean angles (p = 0.046). The mean angle (3.275 degrees ± 2.54) formed by OP and ATL2 was significantly the smallest (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The ala-tragus line, extending from the inferior border of the ala of the nose to the tip of the tragus of the ear presented the closest relationship to the natural occlusal plane.

How to cite this article

Abi-Ghosn C, Zogheib C, Younes R, Makzoumé JE. The Ala-Tragus Line as a Guide for Orientation of the Occlusal Plane in Complete Dentures. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):108-111.

6,900

CASE REPORT

Smita P Nimbalkar-Patil, Aamod B Karandikar

Multidisciplinary Treatment Approach to Restore Deep Horizontally Fractured Maxillary Central Incisor

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:112 - 115]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1498  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Patil PG, Nimbalkar-Patil SP, Karandikar AB. Multidisciplinary Treatment Approach to Restore Deep Horizontally Fractured Maxillary Central Incisor. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):112-115.

2,343

CASE REPORT

Luciana Pereira, Priscila de Almeida Assunção, Sabrina Loren de Almeida Salazar, Fábio Ribeiro Guedes, Aline Corrêa Abrahão, Márcia Grillo Cabral, Lucianne Cople Maia

Uncommon True Isolated Macrodontia of a Maxillary Tooth

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:116 - 118]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1499  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Pereira L, de Almeida Assunção P, de Almeida Salazar SL, Guedes FR, Abrahão AC, Cabral MG, Maia LC. Uncommon True Isolated Macrodontia of a Maxillary Tooth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):116-118.

1,572

CASE REPORT

Vimi Sunil Mutalik, Monica Solomon, Prasanna Nichat, Sunitha Carnelio, Raghu Radhakrishnan

Clear Cell variant of Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor without Calcification: A Rarity

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:119 - 121]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1500  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Mutalik VS, Nichat P, Carnelio S, Solomon M, Radhakrishnan R. Clear Cell variant of Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor without Calcification: A Rarity. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):119-121.

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CASE REPORT

Francisco Artur Forte Oliveira, Clarissa Pessoa Fernandes, Kenia Samara Barbosa Araujo, Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves, Fabrício Bitu Sousa, Mário Rogério Lima Mota

Clinical Aspects and Conservative Dental Management of a Patient with Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:122 - 126]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1501  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To present the clinical findings of a patient with Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP), highlighting peculiarities of dental treatment in patients with this condition.

Background

FOP is a rare genetic disease characterized by skeletal malformations and ectopic ossifications in skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments and aponeurosis. Exacerbation of these ossifications can be caused by dental treatment, resulting in disease progression.

Case description

A 26-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of FOP was referred to our service for dental treatment. The patient presented decreased mobility in peripheral joints (knees and elbows), postural disability (ankylosis of the vertebral column), lateral deviation and shortness of the hallux, as well as heterotopic ossifications on the hands and back. The implementation of conservative dental procedures, such as oral hygiene instructions and recurrent topical fluoride applications, were performed in addition to endodontic and restorative treatments. Brief dental appointments were conducted without using regional anesthesia or dental dam clamps. The dental chair was positioned at 45° to provide more comfort and to avoid exacerbating the disease. The patient has now completed 6 months of follow-up and is free of heterotopic ossifications resulting from dental treatment.

Conclusion

The dental treatment modifications implemented for the present case were sufficient to establish good oral health and to prevent the formation of heterotopic ossifications in the maxillofacial region.

Clinical significance

FOP is a rare disease dentists must familiarize themselves with to provide adequate, personalized treatment, which minimizes traumas that may exacerbate the disease.

How to cite this article

Oliveira FAF, Fernandes CP, Araujo KSB, Alves APNN, Sousa FB, Mota MRL. Clinical Aspects and Conservative Dental Management of a Patient with Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):122-126.

883

REVIEW ARTICLE

BS Ganavi

Oral Cytokeratins in Health and Disease

[Year:2014] [Month:January-February] [Volume:15] [Number:1] [Pages:10] [Pages No:127 - 136]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1502  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Rao RS, Patil S, Ganavi BS. Oral Cytokeratins in Health and Disease. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):127-136.

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