The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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2015 | November | Volume 16 | Issue 11

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EDITORIAL

Quality Check in Oral Cell Lines: The Need for Molecular Characterization

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-16-11-v  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

1,081

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Saad M BinSaleh, Yasser Alhawas

Patient's Perception on the Esthetic Outcome of Anterior Fixed Prosthetic Treatment

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:5] [Pages No:845 - 849]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1768  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Overview

Patient's perception to the esthetic result of the treatment received can be different from a dentist opinion. Understanding patient's opinion, demand and expectation is part of successful treatment procedure.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate patient's opinion about the esthetic result of the fixed prosthetic treatment received in upper anterior teeth.

Materials and methods

About 90 volunteer subjects, 58 males and 32 females were given a self-evaluation questionnaire with 11 questions to respond as Yes or No. The questions regarded the esthetic result of a fixed prosthodontic treatment received for their upper anterior teeth. The same questioner was completed for each subject by three clinicians through clinical photographs for different views subject's smile. Agreement between patients and clinicians was calculated for all subjects to evaluate patient's perception to their esthetic results.

Results

An agreement of 47.8 to 72.2% was observed between patients and clinicians, and the average agreement was 53.64 to 60%. The highest agreement was related to satisfaction with the color of the crown and/or bridge margin while the least agreement was related to the satisfaction with the natural looking of the restoration.

Conclusion

There was variability in the agreement between the patients and the dentists with the satisfaction of the esthetic result of anterior restoration. Factor, such as gender, age and educational level may affect the results of the agreement.

How to cite this article

Alshiddi IF, BinSaleh SM, Alhawas Y. Patient's Perception on the Esthetic Outcome of Anterior Fixed Prosthetic Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):845-849.

1,566

RESEARCH ARTICLE

K Dinesh, Swaroop Hegde, Malasiddappa Metri, HN Indiresha, Shruthi Nagaraj

Comparative Evaluation of Two Final Irrigation Techniques for the Removal of Precipitate Formed by the Interaction between Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidine

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:4] [Pages No:850 - 853]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1769  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To evaluate the effectiveness of two final irrigation techniques for the removal of precipitate formed by the interaction between sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX).

Materials and methods

Sixty freshly extracted human maxillary incisor teeth were taken and randomly divided into three groups, containing 20 teeth each. Group 1 (control group), were irrigated with 5 ml of 2.5% NaOCl and a final flush with 5 ml of 2% chlorhexidine. Group 2 were irrigated with 5 ml of 2.5% NaOCl and 5 ml of 2% chlorhexidine followed by 5 ml of saline and agitated with F-files. Group 3 were irrigated with 5 ml of 2.5% NaOCl and 5 ml of 2% chlorhexidine followed by 5 ml of 15% citric acid and passively agitated with ultrasonics. A thin longitudinal groove was made along the buccal and lingual aspect of the root using diamond disks and split with chisel and mallet. Both halves of the split tooth will be examined under stereomicroscope. Results were tabulated and analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Mann- Whitney U test.

Result

There was a significant difference between the mean values (p < 0.05) in groups 2 and 3 compared to group 1 at each level.

Conclusion

Passive ultrasonic irrigation is more effective than the F-file agitation technique to remove the precipitate at all three levels measured.

Clinical significance

Combination of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine irrigation protocol has been practiced since from many years to achieve good results. However, it has adverse effect in the form of precipitate and which is considered to be a carcinogenic in nature, hence this precipitate should be removed.

How to cite this article

Metri M, Hegde S, Dinesh K, Indiresha HN, Nagaraj S, Bhandi SH. Comparative Evaluation of Two Final Irrigation Techniques for the Removal of Precipitate Formed by the Interaction between Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidine. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):850-853.

1,452

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Rennaly de Freitas Lima, Edja Maria Melo de Brito Costa, José Hardman Sátiro de Lucena Filho, Ana Claudia Dantas de Medeiros, Jozinete Vieira Pereira, Ana Flávia Granville-Garcia

Antimicrobial Potential of Momordica charantia L. against Multiresistant Standard Species and Clinical Isolates

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:5] [Pages No:854 - 858]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1770  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal potential in vitro of Momordica charantia L. against the microorganisms of clinical interest (standard strains and multiresistant isolates) in order to aggregate scientific information in relation to its use as a therapeutic product.

Materials and methods

M. charantia L. plant material was acquired in municipality of Malta, Paraiba, Brazil. The extract was obtained through maceration, filtration and then concentrated under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator, resulting in a dough, and was then dried in an oven for 72 hours at 40°C. Antimicrobial action of ethanolic extract of seed M. charantia L. was evaluated based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) against standard strains of bacteria, isolates multiresistant bacteria and Candida species, by microdilution in broth method.

Results

All organisms were sensitive to the extract, being considered strong antimicrobial activity (MIC and MBC/MFC < 0.125 mg/ml).

Conclusion

The M. charantia L. showed strong antimicrobial potential, with bactericidal and fungicidal profile, there is the prospect to constitute a new therapeutic strategy for the control of infections, particularly in multiresistant strains.

Clinical significance

The use of medicinal plants in treatment of infectious processes have an important function nowadays, due to the limitations of the use of synthetic antibiotics available, related specifically to the microbial resistance emergence.

How to cite this article

de Lucena Filho JHS, de Freitas Lima R, de Medeiros ACD, Pereira JV, Granville-Garcia AF, de Brito Costa EMM. Antimicrobial Potential of Momordica charantia L. against Multiresistant Standard Species and Clinical Isolates. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):854-858.

2,019

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Renato de Toledo Leonardo, Gisselle Moraima Chávez-Andrade, Mario Tanomaru-Filho, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Lucas Martinati Miano, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres

Cleaning of Root Canal System by Different Irrigation Methods

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:5] [Pages No:859 - 863]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1771  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to compare the cleaning of main and lateral canals using the irrigation methods: negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac system), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and manual irrigation (MI).

Materials and methods

Resin teeth were used. After root canal preparation, four lateral canals were made at 2 and 7 mm from the apex. Root canals were filled with contrast solution and radiographed pre- and post-irrigation using digital radiographic system [radiovisiography (RVG)]. The irrigation protocols were: MI1—manual irrigation [22 G needle at 5 mm short of working length-WL]; MI2—manual irrigation (30G needle at 2 mm short of WL); PUI; EV1—EndoVac (microcannula at 1 mm short of WL); EV2—Endovac (microcannula at 3 mm short of WL). The obtained images, initial (filled with contrast solution) and final (after irrigation) were analyzed by using image tool 3.0 software. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests (5% significance level).

Results

EV1 and EV2, followed by PUI showed better cleaning capacity than manual irrigation (MI1 and MI2) (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Negative pressure irrigation and PUI promoted better cleaning of main and simulated lateral canals.

Clinical significance

Conventional manual irrigation technique may promote less root canal cleaning in the apical third. For this reason, the search for other irrigation protocols is important, and EndoVac and PUI are alternatives to contribute to irrigation effectiveness.

How to cite this article

Tanomaru-Filho M, Miano LM, Chávez-Andrade GM, Torres FFE, de Toledo RL, Guerreir-Tanomaru JM. Cleaning of Root Canal System by Different Irrigation Methods. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):859-863.

3,201

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ebru Kucukyilmaz, Selcuk Savas, Gokhan Saygili, Banu Uysal

Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris and Irrigant Produced by Different Nickel-Titanium Instrument Systems in Primary Teeth

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:5] [Pages No:864 - 868]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1772  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of extruded debris and irrigant associated with different single-file systems and one multiple-file system.

Materials and methods

Forty-five newly extracted single rooted primary canine teeth were used in this study. The root canals were instrumented using the reciprocating single-file system, the single-file rotary system and the multiple-file rotary system. A 10–6 precision micro-balance was used to calculate the amount of extruded debris and irrigant. The incubation period was set as 15 days at 37°C to obtain dry debris. The preparation time for instrumentation was also recorded. The data were statistically analyzed by Manova and Bonferroni adjustment.

Results

Considering the apically extruded debris, while there was statistically significant difference between Reciproc and OneShape groups (p < 0.05), no statistically significant difference was found among the other groups (p > 0.05). In terms of irrigation solution, although significant difference was obtained between the Reciproc and other two groups (p < 0.05), no statistically significant difference was obtained between the two rotary instruments (p > 0.05). Instrumentation was significantly faster using Reciproc than with all other instrument (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

All systems caused apical debris and irrigant extrusion. Full-sequences rotary instrumentation systems may be preferable for preparation primary teeth.

Clinical significance

This is the first study carrying out to compare both apical debris and irrigation solution extrusion with reciprocal and rotary single-file systems with other preparation systems in primary teeth.

How to cite this article

Kucukyilmaz E, Savas S, Saygili G, Uysal B. Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris and Irrigant Produced by Different Nickel-Titanium Instrument Systems in Primary Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):864-868.

1,271

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Suhashini Ramanathan, Pradeep Solete

Cone-beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Preparation using Various Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Study

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:4] [Pages No:869 - 872]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1773  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To evaluate the remaining dentin thickness of teeth after cleaning and shaping the root canal using three rotary instrumentation technique using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and methods

This in vitro study is being done with 30 premolar samples with 20’ curvature. The study is divided into three groups a CBCT was taken to measure the shortest distance from the root canal outline to the closest adjacent root surface was measured at each level from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) (1,3, 5 and 7 mm) before and after root canal instrumentation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different instruments used to prepare curved root canals on the remaining cervical dentin thickness and total amount of dentin removed from root canals during instrumentation by using multi-slice CBCT. The remaining dentin thickness is very much necessary for the success rate of root canal treatment. However, this study helps to prove that a conservative preparation with a sound remaining dentin thickness is much more advisable.

Result

It was observed that there was a significant difference at 1 and 3 mm (p < 0.05) and at 5 and 7 mm there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). Mtwo has removed less amount dentin when compared to ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next system at 1 and 3 mm.

Conclusion

Under the conditions of the study, we concluded that ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next should be used judiciously, as it causes higher thinning of root dentin of the root when compared with Mtwo.

How to cite this article

Ramanathan S, Solete P. Cone-beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Preparation using Various Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):869-872.

1,750

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Luai Mahaini

The Relationship between Palatal Displacement of Upper Canines and Incisors Widths in a Syrian Sample of Patients with Uncrowded Arches

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:3] [Pages No:873 - 875]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1774  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Mahaini L. The Relationship between Palatal Displacement of Upper Canines and Incisors Widths in a Syrian Sample of Patients with Uncrowded Arches. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):873-875

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Mario Tanomaru-Filho, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Bruna Ramos Franco Silveira, Roberta Bosso Martelo

Influence of Concentration and Agitation of Sodium Hypochlorite and Peracetic Acid Solutions on Tissue Dissolution

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:4] [Pages No:876 - 879]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1775  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective

To evaluated the tissue dissolution of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and peracetic acid (PA) solutions at different concentrations, with or without ultrasonic agitation.

Materials and methods

The following solutions were analyzed: 2.5% NaOCl, 0.5, 1 and 2% PA, 1% PA associated with 6.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and saline. Fragments of bovine pulp tissue with 25 ± 2g mg were immersed into test tubes containing 4 mL of the solutions for 10 minutes. In the groups with agitation, pulp tissues were submitted to 2 cycles of 1 minute of ultrasonic agitation. The specimens were weighed after the removal from the solutions. The percentage of mass loss was calculated according to the difference of mass before and after exposure to solutions. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (p . 0.05).

Results

A total of 2.5% NaOCl with or without agitation showed the higher tissue dissolution (between 64.5 and 67% of mass reduction) (p < 0.005). By comparing the PA solutions, the concentrations of 1 and 2% with or without agitation and the concentration of 0.5% with agitation showed similar dissolution activity (between 35.4 and 44% of mass reduction). The use of the ultrasonic agitation promoted an increase of the dissolution ability only for 0.5% PA.

Conclusion

Peracetic acid solution has pulp tissue dissolution. However, this ability is lower than 2.5% NaOCl solution.

Clinical significance

The sodium hypochlorite solution shows higher ability to dissolve tissue than PA.

How to cite this article

Tanomaru-Filho M, Silveira BRF, Martelo RB, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. Influence of Concentration and Agitation of Sodium Hypochlorite and Peracetic Acid Solutions on Tissue Dissolution. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):876-879.

1,335

RESEARCH ARTICLE

S Supreetha, KN Abhishek, S Nubesh Khan, KH Chaithanya, Nishad Abdul

Effect of Neem containing Toothpaste on Plaque and Gingivitis—A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:4] [Pages No:880 - 883]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1776  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The present study was designed to assess the effect of toothpaste containing neem on plaque and gingivitis.

Materials and methods

Randomized, double blind clinical trial was designed. Thirty first year dental students volunteered to participate in the study. Neem containing tooth paste was used as an intervention. Clinical examination was carried out using Silness and Loe plaque index (PI) and Loe and Silness gingival index (GI). Independent t-test and paired t-test was used for the intergroup and the intragroup comparison.

Results

Out of 30 participants, 22 (73.3%) were females and eight (26.7%) were males. A statistically significant difference was found between the test and control group after intervention with respect to the PI and GI.

Conclusion

Neem containing toothpaste can be used as an adjunct for maintenance of oral hygiene.

Clinical significance

Regular brushing with neem toothpaste might act as an adjunct to maintenance of good oral hygiene, and thus improve oral health.

How to cite this article

Abhishek KN, Supreetha S, Sam G, Khan SN, Chaithanya KH, Abdul N. Effect of Neem containing Toothpaste on Plaque and Gingivitis—A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):880-883.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Dilip Kumar, HP Raghuveer, NT Prashanth, ES Shobha, Vinod Rangan, TSS Rao

A Comparative Study of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Anxiety, Depression and Change in Sexual Functioning of Patients with Facial Injuries and Patients with Extremity Injuries

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:9] [Pages No:884 - 892]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1777  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

This study was performed to identify and compare the presence of and the levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression and if any change in sexual functioning is present in patients with disfiguring facial injuries, nondisfiguring facial injuries and visible extremity injuries.

Materials and methods

A total of 378 patients from multi modal trauma centers in Bengaluru city were included for the study. A total of 153 patients were those who had disfiguring facial injuries, 111 patients with nondisfiguring facial injuries and 114 patients had sustained a visible extremity injury that was not covered by clothing (disfigurement /scarring). The assessments were carried out at three time intervals (the date of discharge, 1 month postoperatively and 6 months postoperatively) of the follow-up.

The impact of events scale (IES), the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and changes in sexual functioning questionnaire (CSFQ) were used.

Results

Statistically significant higher means of IES, HADS (both for anxiety and depression) were present in patients with disfiguring facial injuries compared to patients with nondisfiguring facial injuries and visible extremity injuries and this was present at all three study intervals (date of discharge, 1st postoperative month and 6th postoperative month). There was a statistically significant change in the means of CSFQ scores of visible extremity injuries compared to other groups at the date of discharge bordering on sexual dysfunction, there was a raise in CSFQ scores among all three groups at the 1st postoperative month and the 6th postoperative month which was above the dysfunction cut-off.

Conclusion

The results of this study led to the conclusion that in comparison with patients who had sustained disfiguring facial injuries, nondisfiguring facial injuries and visible extremity/ orthopedic injuries, the mean IES scores, HADS scores for both anxiety and depression of the facial disfiguring injury patients was higher at all three study intervals (date of discharge, 1st postoperative month and 6 months postoperatively), indicating higher PTSD levels, anxiety and depression in patients with disfiguring facial injuries, CSFQ scores were above the cutoff suggested at the 1st month and 6th month postoperative indicating no sexual dysfunction in all the three groups.

How to cite this article

Prashanth NT, Raghuveer HP, Kumar D, Shobha ES, Rangan V, Rao TSS. A Comparative Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Anxiety, Depression and Change in Sexual Functioning of Patients with Facial Injuries and Patients with Extremity Injuries. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11): 884-892.

1,263

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Alessandra Buhler Borges, Carolina Anne Guimarães, Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, Zulene Eveline Abreu Ribeiro

Influence of Different Types and Concentrations of Chemical Catalysts on Dental Bleaching Efficiency

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:10] [Pages No:893 - 902]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1778  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Torres CRG, Guimarães CA, Ribeiro ZEA, Borges AB. Influence of Different Types and Concentrations of Chemical Catalysts on Dental Bleaching Efficiency. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):893-902.

1,259

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Deepak Goel, Aayushi Bansal, Anant Gopal Nigam

Effect of Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% Aqueous Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Punica granatum Oral Rinse on the Levels of Salivary Streptococcus mutans in 8 to 12 Years Old Children

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:7] [Pages No:903 - 909]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1779  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background and objectives

To study the effect Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% aqueous chlorhexidine gluconate and Punica granatum oral rinse on salivary Streptococcus mutans count in children.

Materials and methods

A total of 60 children of 8 to 12 years of age were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group A was given 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash, group B was given 10% A. aspera mouthwash and group C was given 15% P. granatum mouthwash. The day 1 saliva samples were collected from the subjects and innoculated onto mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar. The colony counts were obtained by a clinical microbiologist who was blinded to the subject allocation. Plaque scores were then recorded by the investigator with the help of a volunteer. Following this, they received a thorough scaling and polishing. Subjects in each group were then provided with 140 ml of the respective mouthwash, as a daily supervised rinse after breakfast and before sleeping as per instructions. Following mouth rinsing, the children were instructed not to eat or drink for 15 minutes. At the 7th day, unstimulated saliva was again collected from the subjects of all 3 groups, inoculated onto MSB agar and colony count was obtained. Modified Quigley- Hein plaque index was also evaluated for the refreshed score at this stage. Colony counting was done using loop method and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 21.

Results

All the three mouthwashes showed statistically significant reduction of S. mutans count and plaque index after 7 days, i.e. chlorhexidine (p < 0.001 for reduction in S. mutans count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction), A. aspera (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutans count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction) and P. granatum (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutans count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction). Chlorhexidine had marginally better results in reducing S. mutans count.

Conclusion

• Efficacy of chlorhexidine, A. aspera and P. granatum was statistically significant with respect to reduction of S. mutans count with chlorhexidine being marginally better than the other two,

• All the three mouthwashes were found to be at par when plaque index values from baseline and after interception of 7 days was calculated,

Punica granatum has better antimicrobial effect than A. aspera.

How to cite this article

Bansal A, Marwah N, Nigam AG, Goenka P, Goel D. Effect of Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% Aqueous Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Punica granatum Oral Rinse on the Levels of Salivary Streptococcus mutans in 8 to 12 Years Old Children. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):903-909.

1,954

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ronald Wigler, Tal Koren, Igor Tsesis

Evaluation of Root Canal Cleaning and Shaping Efficacy of Three Engine-driven Instruments: SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed LSX

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:5] [Pages No:910 - 914]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1780  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To compare the cleaning effectiveness and shaping ability of SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed rotary instruments during the preparation of curved root canals in extracted human teeth.

Materials and methods

A total of 63 roots with curved root canals were divided into three groups. Canals were prepared using SafeSider, ProTaper Universal or Lightspeed LSX. Using pre- and post-instrumentation radiographs, straightening of the canal curvatures and loss of working length were determined with a computer image analysis program.

The amounts of debris at the apical 5 mm were quantified on the basis of a numerical evaluation scale. The data were analyzed statistically using the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results

There was significantly more transportation among the Lightspeed LSX group compared to the SafeSider and ProTaper Universal groups only at the 4 mm level (p < 0.05). The ProTaper Universal instruments performed significantly faster than other groups. No significant differences were observed between the three engine-driven instruments with regards to debris removal.

Conclusion

SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed LSX rotary instruments maintained the original canal curvature well at the apical 3 mm and were safe to use. No difference was found in cleaning efficacy and none rendered the apical part of the canal free of debris.

Clinical significance

SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed LSX rotary instruments are safe to use in curved root canals.

How to cite this article

Wigler R, Koren T, Tsesis I. Evaluation of Root Canal Cleaning and Shaping Efficacy of Three Engine- Driven Instruments: SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed LSX. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):910-914.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Vinayak Mahableshwar Joshi, Kishore Gajanan Bhat, Sandeep Suresh Katti, Manohar Suresh Kugaji, Preeti Shivaji Ingalgi

Prevalence of Herpesvirus and Correlation with Clinical Parameters in Indian Subjects with Chronic Periodontitis

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:6] [Pages No:915 - 920]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1781  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objective

The identification of new uncultured species and viruses supports the possibility of combination of the herpesvirus- bacterial periodontal infection for periodontitis. The paucity of data and studies with larger sample size in Indian subjects provides an unclear picture of the presence of the herpesvirus in this population.

Materials and methods

This was a cross-sectional study consisting of 100 each in the healthy group and chronic periodontitis (CP) group. The subgingival plaque was collected and polymerase chain reaction was performed post deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction by using specific primers for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's coefficient correlation.

Results

Human cytomegalovirus and EBV viruses were significantly higher in the CP group as compare to the healthy group. A higher percentage of those with CMV positive had EBV also positive (28.3%) compared to only 9.1% of CMV negative being EBV positive in the CP group. When both the healthy and CP group in total was compared, there was a significant correlation with all clinical parameters.

Conclusion

Both the viruses dominated in disease as compared to health were similar to the earlier findings. The CP group had higher pocket depth and clinical attachment loss in the virus positive subjects. These findings could suggest that virus serves as a prelude to the disease and the combination of the two viruses could play a role in the pathogenesis.

How to cite this article

Joshi VM, Bhat KG, Katti SS, Kugaji MS, Ingalgi PS. Prevalence of Herpesvirus and Correlation with Clinical Parameters in Indian Subjects with Chronic Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):915-920.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Fang Qian, Patrick Brambert

Erosion Potential of Tooth Whitening Regimens as Evaluated with Polarized Light Microscopy

[Year:2015] [Month:November] [Volume:16] [Number:11] [Pages:5] [Pages No:921 - 925]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1782  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims

Tooth whitening is a widely utilized esthetic treatment in dentistry. With increased access to over-the-counter (OTC) systems concerns have been raised as to potential adverse effects associated with overuse of whitening materials. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate enamel erosion due to different whitening regimens when used in excess of recommended guidelines.

Materials and methods

Extracted human teeth (n = 66) were randomly divided into 11 groups (n = 6/group). Specimens were exposed to OTC products: Crest Whitestrips and 5-minute natural white and a do-it-yourself (DIY) strawberry whitening recipe. Within each regimen, groups were further divided per exposure time: specimens receiving the recommended product dosage; 5 times the recommended dosage; and 10 times the recommended dosage. Negative and positive controls were treated with grade 3 water and 1.0% citric acid, respectively. Specimens were nail-varnished to limit application to a 1 × 4 mm window. Following treatment, specimens were sectioned and erosion (drop in μm) measured using polarized light microscopy. Two-sample t-test was used to detect difference in amount of enamel erosion between negative and positive groups, while one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post hoc Dunnett's test was used to detect difference between set of treatment groups and negative control groups or among all experimental groups.

Results

There was significant difference in mean amount of enamel erosion (p < 0.0001). Mean enamel erosion for positive control group was significantly greater than that for negative control group (23.50 vs 2.65 μm). There was significant effect for type of treatments on enamel erosion [F(9,50) = 25.19; p < 0.0001]. There was no significant difference between the negative control and each of treatment groups (p > 0.05 for all instances), except for Natural White_10 times treatment group (p < 0.0001) that was significantly greater than the negative control group (14.82 vs 2.65 μm).

Conclusion

Caution is advised when using certain over-thecounter products beyond recommended guidelines as there is potential for enamel erosion.

Clinical significance

Enamel erosion due to the overuse of whitening products varies for different modalities and products. Therefore, caution is advised when using certain over-thecounter products beyond recommended guidelines, as there is potential for enamel erosion.

How to cite this article

Brambert P, Qian F, Kwon SR. Erosion Potential of Tooth Whitening Regimens as Evaluated with Polarized Light Microscopy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):921-925.

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