The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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2015 | March | Volume 16 | Issue 3

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EDITORIAL

Roopa Rao, Thirumal Raj

Potential Role of Tumor Microenvironment in the Progression of Oral Cancer

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-16-3-i  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

2,039

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Mateus Rodrigues Tonetto, Mônica Barros Silva, André Afif Elossais, Matheus Coelho Bandeca, Renata do Amaral Nacanichi, Marcelo Ferrarezi Andrade, José Cláudio Martins Segalla, Fábio Luiz Miranda Pedro

Influence of Standard Load Micro- and Nanopatterned in Surface Roughness of bleached Teeth and submitted to Different Surface Treatments

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:167 - 171]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1655  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

do Amaral Nacanichi R, Tonetto MR, Bandéca MC, Andrade MF, Segalla JCM, Silva MB, Bhandi SH, Pedro FLM, Elossais AA. Influence of Standard Load Microand Nanopatterned in Surface Roughness of bleached Teeth and submitted to Different Surface Treatments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):167-171.

5,160

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti, Leopoldina de Fátima Dantas de Almeida, Ailma de Souza Barbosa, Wilton Wilney Nascimento Padilha

Planning Oral Health and Clinical Discharge in Primary Care: The Comprehensive Dental Care Protocol Outcome

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:6] [Pages No:172 - 177]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1656  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

The dental care must be driven by preventive and curative measures that can contribute to the population's oral health promotion.

Objective

To evaluate the impact of the actions proposed by a comprehensive dental care protocol (CDCP) on the oral health condition of primary care users.

Materials and methods

The sample consisted of 32 volunteers, assisted throughout the six phases proposed by the CDCP: diagnosis of dental needs; resolution of urgencies; restorative interventions; application of promotional measures; evaluation of the achieved health level; and periodic controls. Data were collected through clinical exams, which measured the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) Index, before and after the CDCP was implemented. Statistical analysis consisted of the Wilcoxon test, at 5% significance level (α = 0.05).

Results

The OHI-S and GBI indices showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) from the initial (1.4 ± 0.6 and 46.3 ± 19.9) to final condition (0.9 ± 0.3 and 21.5 ± 7.5). The decayed, missing and filled teeth and the missing teeth component were not significantly altered (p > 0.05), showing final values equal to 12.7 ± 9.6 and 5.6 ± 7.8, respectively. Decayed elements were fully converted into filled elements, and the final values of the decayed and filled elements were, respectively, 0.0 ± 0.0 and 7.3 ± 5.7 (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The enactment of the CDCP had a beneficial effect on the oral health of the population assisted by the dental services offered in primary care and this protocol seems to fit the public dental service demands.

Clinical significance

The CDCP can be useful to public dental service planning since it showed an efficient clinical outcome to the patients. We consider that this protocol should be employed in primary care oral health services in order to achieve overall upgrade, access enlargement and public oral health promotion.

How to cite this article

Cavalcanti YW, de Fátima Dantas de Almeida L, de Souza Barbosa A, Padilha WWN. Planning Oral Health and Clinical Discharge in Primary Care: The Comprehensive Dental Care Protocol Outcome. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):172-177.

2,982

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sahar Akbarian, Farahnaz Sharafeddin, Golsa Akbarian

Evaluation of the Influence of Three different Temperatures on Microleakage of Two Self-etch and One Total-etch Adhesives

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:178 - 182]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1657  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To evaluate the bonding temperature effect on dentinrestoration microleakage.

The null hypothesis of the study is that the score of microleakage is identical among different adhesive bondings at different temperatures.

Materials and methods

Ninety caries free maxillary premolars were selected. Class V cavities were prepared on the cemento enamel junction (CEJ) of the buccal sides with enamel margins on occlusal sides and cementum margins on gingival sides. The specimens were divided into 3 groups: G1, single bond adhesive + Z250 composite; G2, P90 adhesive + Filtek Silorane composite; and G3, Clearfil SE bond + Clearfil APX. All groups were divided into three subgroups based on the adhesive temperature: A—4°C; B—25°C; and C—40°C. After coating the specimens with nail polish 1 mm beyond the margin of the restorations, they were stored in 0.5% basic Fuchsin dye solution for 24 hours. The teeth then were buccolingually sectioned and observed under a stereomicroscope.

Results

There was no significant difference between microleakage of occlusal and gingival margins in each group. Clearfil SE bond and Adper single bond displayed lower microleakage than P90 adhesive at 4°C and 25°C. The most and least microleakage score for Adper single bond was at 40°C and 25°C respectively. Clearfil SE bond showed less microleakage at 25°C than 4°C and 40°C.

Conclusion

Clearfil SE bond and Adper single bond displayed less microleakage at 25°C while there was no significant difference among for P90 adhesive microleakage at three temperatures.

How to cite this article

Akbarian S, Sharafeddin F, Akbarian G. Evaluation of the Influence of Three different Temperatures on Microleakage of Two Self-etch and One Total-etch Adhesives. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):178-182.

5,953

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Hamid Jafarzadeh, Rasoul Sahebalam, Alireza Sarraf, Mojtaba Abdollahi, Hamidreza Rajati

Evaluation of the Effect of using Electrosurgery in Pulpectomy of Deciduous Teeth on Succedaneous Teeth: An Animal Study

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:4] [Pages No:183 - 186]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1658  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the probable side effects of electrosurgery in pulpectomy of deciduous teeth on succedaneous teeth in dogs.

Materials and methods

In this animal study, all maxillary and mandibular teeth at one side of five puppies’ mouths were treated employing electrosurgical pulpectomy and were then compared with those of the other side treated using the conventional method. The electrosurgical dental electrode was placed in canals to the point of working length for the experimental group. After pulpectomy, the canals were filled with zinc oxide eugenol paste and the access cavity was restored with amalgam. The dogs remained under care until their successor teeth erupted and clinical examination was performed.

Results

The teeth treated employing electrosurgical pulpectomy presented natural appearance with no observable defects including enamel hypoplasia, diffuse opacities of enamel, demarcated opacities, and enamel discoloration.

Conclusion

Electrosurgical pulpectomy can be considered as an option for pulpectomy of deciduous teeth.

How to cite this article

Sahebalam R, Sarraf A, Abdollahi M, Jafarzadeh H, Rajati H, Patil SG. Evaluation of the Effect of using Electrosurgery in Pulpectomy of Deciduous Teeth on Succedaneous Teeth: An Animal Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):183-186.

6,041

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Hanan Balto, Sultan Al-Mofareh, Faisal Al-Yahya

Evaluation of Different Irrigating Solutions on Smear Layer Removal of Primary Root Dentin

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:187 - 191]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1659  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To evaluate the efficacy of ethanolic extract of Salvadora persica (S. persica) and BioPure MTAD (a mixture of a tetracycline isomer, an acid, and a detergent) in removing the intracanal smear layer of primary teeth.

Materials and methods

The root canal of 40 extracted human primary anterior teeth were cleaned, shaped and grouped into experimental (n = 30) and control (n = 10). The root canals of the positive (n = 5) and the negative control (n = 5) were irrigated for 3 minutes with 5 ml of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or saline respectively. The canals in the experimental groups were irrigated for 3 minutes with 5 ml of 1 mg/ml ethanolic extract of S. persica (n = 15) or BioPure MTAD (n = 15) and then flushed with 2 ml of saline. The presence or absence of smear layer at the coronal and middle portion of each canal were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Results

A significant d ifference (p = 0 .004) i n s mear l ayer removal between S. persica and MTAD at the middle third of the canal was observed. MTAD solution was as effective as 17% EDTA in removing the smear layer.

Conclusion

MTAD was significantly more effective in smear layer removal than S. persica solution at the middle third of the canal wall.

Clinical significance

Both tested irrigant solutions have the ability to remove the intracanal smear from primary root dentin following cleaning and shaping of the root canal and could be an alternative to EDTA.

How to cite this article

Balto H, Salama F, Al-Mofareh S, Al-Yahya F. Evaluation of Different Irrigating Solutions on Smear Layer Removal of Primary Root Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):187-191.

3,636

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Khalid S Hassan, Adel Al-Agal, Adel I Abdel-Hady, Wael M Swelam, Reda F Elgazzar

Mandibular Tori as Bone Grafts: An Alternative Treatment for Periodontal Osseous Defects — Clinical, Radiographic and Histologic Morphology Evaluation

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:9] [Pages No:192 - 200]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1660  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objectives

The present study was designed to evaluate the clinical, radiographic and histochemical significance of using the mandibular tori as autogenous bone graft for treatment of intraosseous defects in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Materials and methods

Twenty-eight sites from 14 patients with chronic periodontitis were included in this study. Each patient was treated with split mouth design; one site received torus mandibularis bone graft and the other site received a full-thickness flap alone. Histopathologic assessment was evaluated on removal of torus mandibularis to evaluate its histologic structure and by the end of the study 9 month later. Clinical and radiographic parameters were re-evaluated at 3 months interval for 1 year.

Results

The results of the present study revealed significant gain in the clinical attachment level (CAL) (88.4%, 4.53 ± 0.06 mm) for torus mandibularis sites compared to (39.7%, 2.01 ± 0.04 mm) for full-thickness flap. Moreover, there was a reduction in the probing pocket depth (PPD) of (75.4%, 5.75 ± 0.12 mm) for torus mandibularis sites and (49.6%, 3.73 ± 0.14 mm) for sites treated with a full-thickness flap only; CAL and PPD differences were significant at p-value .0.01. Concomitantly, significant radiographic increase in the bone height and density were recorded in the test group.

Conclusion

The use of mandibular tori as autogenous bone graft could provide benefits as a periodontal therapeutic modality and enhance regenerative potential of periodontal intraosseous defects.

How to cite this article

Hassan KS, Al-Agal A, Abdel-Hady AI, Swelam WM, Elgazzar RF. Mandibular Tori as Bone Grafts: An Alternative Treatment for Periodontal Osseous Defects — Clinical, Radiographic and Histologic Morphology Evaluation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):192-200.

6,048

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Anil Sukumaran, Sajith Vellappally, Sahar Bin Huraib, Nadia Al Nahas, Hana O Al-Balbeesi, Faida Moawia Abu-Aljadayl

Patient Preferences in Selecting a Dentist: Survey Results from the Urban Population of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:4] [Pages No:201 - 204]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1661  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

Awareness of gender- or nationality-driven preconceptions can help dentists to have a better interpretation of the dentist-patient relationship. It is even more noteworthy to understand these predilections in Saudi society, where women and men are usually segregated due to religion- and culturebased considerations. This study is one of the first to explore the preferences of patients when selecting a dentist with respect to gender and nationality in the city of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods

A total of 445 community residents residing in Riyadh were randomly selected for a cross-sectional study. The participants completed a survey designed to assess which of two factors (gender and/or nationality) were perceived as most relevant in choosing a dentist. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the SPSS 11.5 software.

Results

Female participants did not show any preference for the gender of the dentist, whereas 40% of the male participants preferred a male dentist. Participants also favored male dentists in the fields of oral surgery (78.9%), implants (74.1%), endodontics (67.5%), orthodontics (65.8%) and prosthodontics (64.2%). An exception was noted in pediatric dentistry, for which female dentists were favored by 52.8% of the participants. Additionally, most (66.1%) participants did not have any preference for the nationality of the dentist.

Conclusion

Riyadh residents showed a general preference for a male dentist but demonstrated no preference for nationality when selecting a dentist.

How to cite this article

Huraib SB, Al Nahas N, Al-Balbeesi HO, Abu-Aljadayl FM, Vellappally S, Sukumaran A. Patient Preferences in Selecting a Dentist: Survey Results from the Urban Population of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3): 201-204.

1,935

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Svetislav Zaric, Bozidar Bojic, Branka Popovic, Jelena Milasin

Eradication of Gastric Helicobacter pylori ameliorates Halitosis and Tongue Coating

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:205 - 209]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1662  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

The influence of gastric Helicobacter pylori infection on the development of oral pathoses remains unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of gastric H. pylori infection on occurrence of halitosis and coated tongue.

Materials and methods

Ninety-eight patients with dyspepsia were included in the study and their salivary samples and gastric biopsies were analyzed for the presence of H. pylori by Nested-PCR. Halitosis and coated tongue were assessed at the initial examination and 3 months after systemic eradication therapy against H. pylori.

Results

Gastric biopsies of 66 patients were positive for H. pylori. Only one saliva sample was H. pylori positive. At initial examination, halitosis was observed in 20 patients (30.3%) out of 66 who had gastric H. pylori infection and in only 3 patients (9.4%) out of 32 without H. pylori infection (p = 0.0236). Coated tongue was diagnosed in 18 (27.2%) patients with the infection compared to only 2 (6.25%) patients negative for gastric H. pylori (p = 0.0164). Patients with gastric infection were treated with the triple eradication therapy (Amoxicillin, Clarythromycin, Pantoprazol) and their gastric biopsies and oral status were examined 3 months later. Halitosis was significantly more prevalent in the group of patients with persistent H. pylori infection (42.1%) compared to only 6.4% of patients in the group where infection was successfully eradicated (p = 0.0012). Coated tongue was diagnosed in 47.4% of patients where H. pylori was still present after eradication therapy and in only 6.4% where eradication succeeded (p = 0.0003).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that eradication of gastric H. pylori significantly alleviates halitosis and coated tongue, the two oral conditions that may be considered as extragastric manifestations of this common chronic bacterial infection.

How to cite this article

Zaric S, Bojic B, Popovic B, Milasin J. Eradication of Gastric Helicobacter pylori ameliorates Halitosis and Tongue Coating. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):205-209.

1,895

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Alvaro Henrique Borges, Matheus Coelho Bandéca, Cyntia Rodrigues de Araújo Estrela, Octávio Amezcua, Álvaro Cruz Gonzalez, Carlos Estrela

Sealing Ability of Root-end Filling Materials

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:210 - 214]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1663  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

The aim of this research was to compare the apical sealing ability of different root-end filling materials (Super EBA®, ProRoot MTA®, thermoplasticized gutta-percha + AHPlus®, thermoplasticized RealSeal®), by means of microbial indicators.

Materials and methods

Thus, 50 human single-rooted teeth were employed, which were shaped until size 50, retro-prepared with ultrasonic tips and assigned to 4 groups, retro-filled with each material or controls. A platform was employed, which was split in two halves: upper chamber—where the microbial suspension containing the biological indicators was introduced (E. faecalis + S. aureus + P. aeruginosa + B. subtilis + C. albicans); and a lower chamber containing the culture medium brain, heart infusion, where 3 mm of the apical region of teeth were kept immersed. Lectures were made daily for 60 days, using the turbidity of the culture medium as indicative of microbial contamination. Statistical analyses were carried out at 5% level of significance.

Results

The results showed microbial leakage at least in some specimens in all of the groups. RealSeal® has more microbial leakage, statistically significant, compared to ProRoot® MTA and SuperEBA®. No significant differences were observed when compared ProRoot® MTA and SuperEBA®. The guttapercha + AH Plus results showed no statistically significant differences when compared with the other groups.

Conclusions

All the tested materials showed microbial leakage. Root-end fillings with Super-EBA or MTA had the lowest bacterial filtration and RealSeal shows highest bacterial filtration.

How to cite this article

Amezcua O, Gonzalez AC, Borges AH, Bandeca MC, de Araújo Estrela CR, Estrela C. Sealing Ability of Root-end Filling Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):210-214.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Deepika Gopal, N Malathi, B Thirupathi Reddy

Efficacy of Oral Exfoliative Cytology in Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Light Microscopic and Confocal Microscopic Study

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:7] [Pages No:215 - 221]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1664  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a global problem. By monitoring the health status of these individuals, diabetic complications can be prevented. We aimed to analyze alterations in the morphology and cytomorphometry of buccal epithelial cells of type 2 DM patients using oral exfoliative cytology technique and determine its importance in public health screening, diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods

The study was carried out in 100 type 2 DM patients and 30 healthy individuals. Smears were taken from the right buccal mucosa and stained by the Papanicolaou technique. Staining with Acridine orange was carried out to view qualitative changes with confocal laser scanning microscope (LSM-510 Meta). The cytomorphometry was evaluated using IMAGE PRO PLUS 5.5 software with Evolution LC camera. All findings were statistically analyzed.

Results

The results showed that with increase in fasting plasma glucose levels, there is significant increase in nuclear area, decrease in cytoplasmic area, and increase in nuclear cytoplasmic ratio (p < 0.05) when compared to the control group. Various qualitative changes were noted, such as cell degeneration, micronuclei, binucleation, intracytoplasmic inclusion, candida and keratinization.

Conclusion

In the present study, we found significant alterations in the cytomorphometry and cytomorphology of buccal epithelial cells of type 2 DM patients. This study supports and extends the view that these cellular changes can alert the clinician to the possibility of diabetes and aid in monitoring of diabetes throughout the lifetime of the patient.

How to cite this article

Gopal D, Malathi N, Reddy BT. Efficacy of Oral Exfoliative Cytology in Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Light Microscopic and Confocal Microscopic Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):215-221.

1,983

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Tejraj Pundalik Kale, SM Kotrashetti, JB Lingaraj, Vipin Aggarwal

Mandibular Coronoid Fractures, How Rare?

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:222 - 226]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1665  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

To study the rarity of mandibular coronoid process fractures and treatment strategies based on the displacement of these fractures.

Materials and methods

A retrospective study of 11 cases of coronoid process fractures among 307 treated cases from 2008 to 2013 was conducted. Six patients were treated conservatively and 5 underwent ORIF with associated fractures. A statistical analysis of the data obtained after subjective and objective evaluation was done.

Results

The incidence of coronoid process fractures was 3.58% of all mandibular fractures analyzed. There was no statistically significant difference found between two treatment modalities, but differences in maximum interincisal opening (MIO) and pain in the postoperative period were significant.

Conclusion

We recommend that linear coronoid fractures with minimal displacement can be managed with conservative treatment. For patients with significant displacement of coronoid process, limited mouth opening or concomitant mid-face or lower-face fractures, rigid internal fixation is recommended.

How to cite this article

Kale TP, Aggarwal V, Kotrashetti SM, Lingaraj JB, Singh A. Mandibular Coronoid Fractures, How Rare? J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):222-226.

4,345

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Susan Thomas, Preksha Pewa, Rushabh Dagli, Jitendra Solanki, Geetika Arora, Bharath Garla

Occurrence of Domestic Violence among Women and its Impact on Oral Health in Jodhpur City

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:7] [Pages No:227 - 233]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1666  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

This study had a two objectives to determine the prevalence of domestic violence and to know the impact of the same on the oral health.

Materials and methods

An observational cross-sectional study was done in Jodhpur, Rajasthan; among 150 married women of 18 to 60 years of age using a predesigned pretested proforma from 18th January 2014 to 27th February 2014. Pretested semistructured open-ended questionnaire used for collecting the data from the study subjects. Pearson's Chisquare test and p-value were used to calculated the occurrence and impact of domestic violence on oral health among women.

Results

The most common form of domestic violence found was physical abuse (54.7%) followed by emotional abuse (20.0%) and financial abuse (14.0%). The most important risk factor was alcoholism followed by literacy status and having a girl child. Study shows that physical abuse is more in graduate than lower level of educational females. Females living in urban area show highest frequency of physical abuse than those living in rural area. Injury to the face were highly reported (38.7%) followed by injury to lip (13.3%) and nose fracture/bleeding nose (9.3%).

Conclusion

Government has to take stringent action to prevent domestic violence by making women more self-reliant especially by making women more literate and more financially independent.

How to cite this article

Pewa P, Thomas S, Dagli R, Solanki J, Arora G, Garla B. Occurrence of Domestic Violence among Women and its Impact on Oral Health in Jodhpur City. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):227-233.

1,609

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Meenakshi Nankar, Hrishikesh Walimbe, Mohammed Nadeem Ahmed Bijle, Sneha Muchandi, Srishti Chaturvedi, Priyanka Karekar

Comparative Evaluation and Correlation of Salivary Total Antioxidant Capacity and Salivary pH in Caries-free and Severe Early Childhood Caries Children

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:4] [Pages No:234 - 237]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1667  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Dental caries is a major problem in preschool children. The contribution of saliva in providing defense during caries process is of primary importance. pH buffer capacity through bicarbonate, phosphate and protein buffer systems have universal acceptance as a caries defense mechanism. Antioxidant capacity of saliva can constitute a first line of defense against chronic degenerative diseases including dental caries. Till date, no study is presented with salivary antioxidant capacity of younger children affected with severe early childhood caries with its salivary pH correlation. Hence, this study was carried out to compare, evaluate and correlate the salivary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and salivary pH of children with caries-free and severe early childhood caries.

Materials and methods

Fifty children from ages 3 to 5 years divided into two study groups had undergone screening. Group I (n = 25) with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) and group II (n = 25) who were caries free. Unstimulated whole saliva of subjects were in the collection during the study by draining method. Salivary pH determination of saliva samples was done using pH indicator paper strips. The TAC was done using an antioxidant assay with the help of a spectrophotometer at wavelength 532 nm. The means of salivary pH and TAC were subjected to analysis using unpaired student ‘t’ test and correlation was determined using Pearsons correlation coefficient analysis.

Results

Mean salivary pH was higher in group II (7.46 ± 0.37). Mean TAC was greater in group I (1.82 ± 0.19). A statistically significant negative correlation as seen between TAC and salivary pH in S-ECC patients.

Conclusion

The study concludes that salivary TAC increases in patients with S-ECC are by that showing a high indirect relationship with salivary pH.

How to cite this article

Muchandi S, Walimbe H, Bijle MNA, Nankar M, Chaturvedi S, Karekar P. Comparative Evaluation and Correlation of Salivary Total Antioxidant Capacity and Salivary pH in Caries-free and Severe Early Childhood Caries Children. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):234-237.

2,002

CASE REPORT

Alvaro Cruz, Claudia Gabriela Mercado-Soto, Israel Ceja, L Gerardo Gascón, Patricia Cholico, Claudia A Palafox-Sánchez

Removal of an Instrument Fractured by Ultrasound and the Instrument Removal System under Visual Magnification

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:238 - 242]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1668  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The case of a lower molar with apical periodontitis, which had previous root canal treatment and a fractured instrument in the distal root beyond the foramen, is presented.

Background

The simultaneous presence of a foreign body (endodontic instrument or material) in periapical tissues and microorganisms in the root canal, are etiological factors in the formation or maintenance of a periapical lesion, and can lead to failure in endodontic treatment.

Case description

This instrument was removed through the staging platform technique, by using ultrasound and an Instrument removal system (IRS) microtube under microscope visual amplification. All the canals were re-instrumented, irrigated with sodium hypochlorite and passive ultrasonic irrigation, removal of smear layer and intracanal medication with calcium hydroxide for 8 days, after which they were filled. The symptoms disappeared and clinical and radiograph 2-year follow-up shows healing of periapical tissues.

Conclusion

The combined use of visual magnification microscope, ultrasound and the IRS system by staging platform technique, allowed the removal of an endodontic instrument beyond the foramen, which made it possible to apply a conventional disinfection protocol.

Clinical significance

Endodontic re-treatment by conservative approach of complicated cases it is an option with good clinical prognosis, before apical surgery or extraction.

How to cite this article

Cruz A, Mercado-Soto CG, Ceja I, Gascón LG, Cholico P, Palafox-Sánchez CA. Removal of an Instrument Fractured, by Ultrasound and the Instrument Removal System under Visual Magnification. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):238-242.

1,825

CASE REPORT

Moshabab A Asiry

Anterior Open Bite treated with Myofunctional Therapy and Palatal Crib

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:243 - 247]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1669  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Asiry MA. Anterior Open Bite treated with Myofunctional Therapy and Palatal Crib. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):243-247.

4,117

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Farhan Raza Khan, Kiran Rehman, Sadia Habib

Diaphonization: A Recipe to Study Teeth

[Year:2015] [Month:March] [Volume:16] [Number:3] [Pages:4] [Pages No:248 - 251]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1670  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

There are various techniques to study root canal morphology and diaphonization is one of them. There are various methods of decalcification and diaphonization, cited in literature and the main aim of this paper was to give a brief account of the various techniques and share our experience of the technique at a teaching institution in Karachi, Pakistan.

Materials and methods

Diaphonization is one of the oldest methods and is based on decalcification of teeth followed by clearing and dye penetration. The specimen is later studied under microscope without sectioning.

Results

After the process of clearing a three-dimensional (3D) structure of the internal canal anatomy was visible with naked eye.

Conclusion

This paper entails a detailed historical background as well as the author's technique including percentages of various chemicals used and the timing of immersion of teeth into these agents.

Clinical significance

The read out is simple and can be subjected to interpretation by direct observation under microscope and can be helpful for students undertaking research in not only the discipline of dentistry but also in other fields such as botany and zoology.

How to cite this article

Rehman K, Khan FR, Habib S. Diaphonization: A Recipe to Study Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(3):248-251.

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