Dedifferentiation in Malignant Salivary Gland Neoplasms: A Critical Appraisal
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]
DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-16-6-i | Open Access | How to cite |
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:6] [Pages No:427 - 432]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1701 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
Bacteria levels of necrotic teeth are greatly reduced after endodontic treatment procedures but the presence of persisting microorganisms leads to continuous efforts to develop materials with antimicrobial properties. The purpose of the study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of polyethylenimine (PEI) against common bacteria and yeasts, regarding planktonic cells and biofilm, and to clarify its antimicrobial mechanism of action through flow cytometry. The antibiofilm and antimicrobial effect of PEI was determined against It was verified that minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values and minimal lethal concentrations (MLC) obtained for PEI were similar and ranged between 50 and 400 mg/l, proving the microbicidal and fungicidal activity of this compound. Antibiofilm activity was also proved for all the microorganisms. Severe lesion of the membrane and cell depolarization was demonstrated. Polyethylenimine showed antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against microorganisms often associated with apical periodontitis. Theoretically, prolonging the antibacterial effects of materials used in endodontics may be interesting to help prevent reinfection and possibly to affect residual bacteria that survived the treatment procedures. Barros J, Dias A, Rodrigues MA, Pina-Vaz C, Lopes MA, Pina-Vaz I. Antibiofilm and Antimicrobial Activity of Polyethylenimine: An Interesting Compound for Endodontic Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):427-432.
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:4] [Pages No:433 - 436]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1702 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
Effective denture hygiene is important for patients suffering from denture stomatitis (DS). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a solution containing 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate and 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) in eliminating Forty denture wearers (11 men, 29 women; age range 40 to 80 years) with clinical evidence of DS were randomly divided into two groups, one test and one control. The dentures of the test group were treated by immersion in a solution of 0.12% CHX and 0.05% CPC while those of the control group were immersed in distilled water. Swabs were collected from the fitting surfaces of the upper dentures prior and post cleaner use and examined mycologically. Reduction in the number of colony-forming units (CFU) of A solution of 0.12% CHX and 0.05% CPC tested as a product of disinfection of the acrylic dentures showed significant results after immersion of 8 night hours for 4 days. Aoun G, Cassia A, Berberi A. Effectiveness of a Chlorhexidine Digluconate 0.12% and Cetylpyridinium Chloride 0.05% Solution in eliminating
Ultrasound Effect in the Removal of Intraradicular Posts Cemented with Different Materials
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:5] [Pages No:437 - 441]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1703 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of ultrasonic vibration on the tensile strength required to remove intraradicular post cemented with different materials. Bovine teeth were selected, and 7 mm of the cervical root canals were prepared to size 5 Largo drill, the posts were cemented with zinc phosphate, Enforce (resin) or Rely X (glass ionomer). The specimens were divided into six groups (n = 10), according to the following procedures: GI—cementation with zinc phosphate associated with traction force; GII—cementation with zinc phosphate associated with ultrasonic activation and traction force; GIII—cementation with Enforce associated with traction force; GIV—cementation with Enforce associated with ultrasonic activation and traction force; GV—cementation with Rely X associated with traction force; and GVI—cementation with Rely X associated with ultrasonic activation and traction force. The tensile test was conducted using the electromechanical testing machine, the force was determined by a specialized computer program and ultrasonic activation using the Jet Sonic Four Plus (Gnatus) device in 10P. Concerning to average ranking, GI showed statistically significant difference in comparison with GII and GVI (p < 0.05); there was no statistical difference in GIII and GIV when compared to other groups (p > 0.05). The ultrasound favored the intraradicular post traction regardless of the employed cement in greater or lesser extent. The post removal is a routine practice in the dental office, therefore, new solutions and better alternatives are need to the practitioner. We did not find in the literature many articles referring to this practice. Thus, the results from this study are relevant in the case planning and to promote more treatment options. Berbert FLCV, Espir CG, Crisci FS, de Andrade MF, Chávez-Andrade GM, de Toledo Leonardo R, Saad JRC, Segalla JCM, Vaz LG, Basso KCFJ, Dantas AAR. Ultrasound Effect in the Removal of Intraradicular Posts Cemented with Different Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):437-441.
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:9] [Pages No:442 - 450]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1704 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the root canal area before and after the instrumentation 1 mm short of the apical foramen by clinical and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) methods, and to evaluate the cleanliness of the apical region in mesiodistal flattened teeth by using optical microscopy. Forty-two human single-canal mandibular incisors were instrumented using the Free Tip Preparation technique up to three, four or five instruments from the initial. Cone beam computed tomography scans were acquired of the samples before and after root canal preparation (RCP). Irrigation was performed by conventional or hydrodynamic means, using 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. The samples were prepared for observation under an optical microscope. Images were digitally obtained, analyzed and the results were submitted to statistical analysis (two-way ANOVA complemented by Bonferroni's post-test). There was no significant difference between the studied anatomical areas with both CBCT and clinical methods. There were no differences between irrigation methods. It was verified differences between instrumentation techniques. Instrumentation with four instruments from the initial instrument determined a significant increase in the contact area when compared to preparation with three instruments, but RCP with 5 instruments did not result in a better cleanliness. The analysis with CBCT was not capable to determine the precise shape of surgical apical area comparing to the clinical method. Both the conventional and hydrodynamic irrigation techniques were not able to promote root canals debris-free. The instruments action in root canal walls was proportional to the number of instruments used from the initial apical instrument. Seixas FH, Estrela C, Bueno MR, Sousa-Neto MD, Pécora JD. Determination of Root Canal Cleanliness by Different Irrigation Methods and Morphometric Analysis of Apical Third. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):442-450.
Nd:Yag Laser to obtain Irregularities on the Inner Surface of Porcelain
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:7] [Pages No:451 - 457]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1705 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the inner surface of two ceramic systems: IPS Empress II (Ivoclar Vivadent, Germany) and In-Ceram Alumina (Vita Zahnfabrick, Germany) submitted to surface treatments, especially by Nd:YAG laser. Fifty samples were prepared in pellet form for each ceramic system according to manufacturers’ specifications. The samples were stored at room temperature and then be subjected to surface treatment: without treatment (T0) (control), hydrofluoric acid-etched (T1), hydrofluoric acidetched associated with the airborne particle-abraded (T2); CoJet system (T3), Nd:YAG laser (T4). The data were performed the statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.001). The group control (T0) of the ceramics, the analysis showed the lowest roughness values; for the System Alumina In-Ceram, treatment with hydrofluoric acid (T1), associated with hydrofluoric acid and airborne particle-abraded (T2) and Nd:YAG laser (T4), had no statistically significant difference, whereas for the IPS Empress System II treatment with hydrofluoric acid (T1) and hydrofluoric acid associated with airborne particle-abraded (T2), had no statistically significant difference between the system and also CoJet (T3) and hydrofluoric acid associated with the airborne particle-abraded (T2). Photomicrographs of scanning electron microscopy showed different characteristics to the treatments for each ceramic system. The IPS Empress II had the appearance of favoring the retention when treated with hydrofluoric acid, as well as its association with the airborne particle-abraded. Uncertainty in Alumina, treatment with hydrofluoric acid associated with the airborne particle-abraded and CoJet system and provided a surface with irregularities. With respect to the laser further studies should be performed for parameters that are ideal for your application. The ceramic restorations are attractive due of their excellent esthetics and the ability to stay for long periods. However, the retention of ceramic requires further study. Porto TS, Porto BG, de Campos EA, de Toledo Porto-Neto S, da Silva MB, Bhandi SH, Tonetto MR, Dinelli W, Bandeca MC. Nd:Yag Laser to obtain Irregularities on the Inner Surface of Porcelain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):451-457.
Evaluation of Microvascularity by CD34 Expression in Esophagus and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:5] [Pages No:458 - 462]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1706 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
The present study was scheduled to evaluate microvascularity by CD34 expression in esophagus and oral squamous cell carcinoma. This study was scheduled using 40 paraffin blocked samples including 20 of oral SCC and 20 of esophagus ones and Immunohistochemical staining was conducted using CD34 monoclonal antibody. Exact fisher test was used to evaluate frequency of expression between two studied groups. There was significant correlation between age and tumor size with CD34 expression in oral SCC samples (p < 0.05) and no significant correlation between sex and tumor differentiation level (grading) (p > 0.05). Also, there was no significant correlation between age, sex, tumor size and tumor differentiation level (grading) with CD34 expression in esophagus SCC samples (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference of CD34 expression frequency in oral and esophagus SCC (p = 0/583). Finally, CD34 expression was reported ‘high’ for major cases of esophagus and oral SCCs. It seems, other angiogenetic or nonangiogenetic factors except CD34 may play more important role and explain the different clinical behavior of SCC at recent different locations. Other factors would be considered along with CD34 expression to interpret different clinical behavior of SCC at recent different locations. Shahsavari F, Farhadi S, Sadri D, Sedehi M, Evaluation of Microvascularity by CD34 Expression in Esophagus and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):458-462.
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:5] [Pages No:463 - 467]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1707 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
The present study was to evaluate pH values of apexification materials. The materials were placed in 1 cm long and 4 mm diameter tubes. After sample immersion, glass flasks were hermetically sealed with rubber caps to attenuate any effects of external environmental factors and maintained at 37°C. The power hydrogen of the pastes was measured 1 hour, 3 hours, 8 hours, 24 hours, 72 hours and 7 days after preparation. pH was calibrated with solutions of known pH (7.0). Mann-Whitney test were used to determine significant differences. The mean pH of all medications was < 12.0 throughout the experiment. At 24 hours, EndoCal 10 had the highest pH of all the materials (p < 0.05). A ccording t o t he r esults o btained, i t m ay b e concluded that calcium oxide (EndoCal 10) presented the higest pH compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Calasept Plus [Ca(OH)2]. Apexification is an important treatment in immature teeth. For this reason, used materials in apexification should have some properties, such as high pH and stimulating to be hard tissue. Therefore, the material should be chosen carefully in apexification of immature teeth. Çiçek E, Bodrumlu E. Power Hydrogen Evaluation of Apexification Materials: EndoCal 10, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Calasept Plus. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):463-467.
Calcium Hydroxide Dressing Influences the Obturation of Simulated Lateral Canals
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:6] [Pages No:468 - 473]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1708 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of calcium hydroxide dressing on the filling of simulated lateral canals by different obturation techniques. Sixty single-root-premolars were instrumented. Simulated lateral canals were drilled on each third of the roots. The teeth were divided into four groups: no dressing and obturation by lateral condensation technique (G1), dressing with calcium hydroxide and obturation by lateral condensation technique (G2), no dressing and obturation by hybrid technique (G3) and, dressing with calcium hydroxide and obturation by hybrid technique (G4). The teeth were maintained at 37°C in 100% humidity for 7 days, and obturation techniques were performed. Radiographs were taken and filled or unfilled lateral canals were counted. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's test (α = 5%). The hybrid technique filled large number of lateral canals as compared to lateral condensation technique, regardless the use of intracanal medication (p < 0.05). Calcium hydroxide decreased the number of lateral canals filled for both lateral and hybrid techniques (p < 0.05). Significant differences were observed when comparing the number of filled and unfilled lateral canals in the same root third of each group (p < 0.05). Regardless the obturation technique, calcium hydroxide dressing reduced the penetration of filling material in simulated lateral canals. The persistence of calcium hydroxide residues reduces the penetration of filling material in simulated lateral canals, possibly representing a potential cause of failure in the future. Jorge KM, de Carvalho RF, Vieira VLB, Gabardo MCL, Gonçalves LM, Deonizio MDA. Calcium hydroxide Dressing Influences the Obturation of Simulated Lateral Canals. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):468-473.
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:5] [Pages No:474 - 478]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1709 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
This split-mouth clinical study aimed to investigate levels of alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis patients pre- and post-scaling and root planing (SRP) with or without adjunctive use of tetracycline fibers. In 30 patients of chronic periodontitis, samples of GCF were collected from the gingival sulcus before SRP. Recording of clinical parameters was conducted. This was followed by local drug delivery (LDD) of tetracycline fibers in test sites. In control sites, no LDD was done. Second samples of GCF were taken 90 days after treatment. Samples of crevicular fluid were analyzed to determine the levels of α2m. A gain of clinical attachment (CAL) of 3.30 mm for SRP and LDD and for SRP alone was 1.62 mm (p < 0.001). The pocket probing depth was significantly decreased by 2.43 mm for SRP and LDD and for SRP alone was 1.61 mm (p < 0.001) after 90 days. Alpha-2-macroglobulin was significantly reduced in GCF by SRP and SRP and LDD after 90 days (p < 0.001). Clinical and biochemical variables showed a more favorable outcome when SRP was combined with LDD of tetracycline fibers in management of patients suffering from chronic periodontitis. Chhina S, Rathore AS, Juneja S. Alpha-2-Macroglobulin Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid Pre- and Post-scaling and Root Planing with Adjunctive Tetracycline Fibers in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):474-478.
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:7] [Pages No:479 - 485]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1710 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
Saliva is a complex fluid, whose important role is to maintain the well being of oral cavity. Salivary gland hypofunction or hyposalivation is the condition of having reduced saliva production which leads to the subjective complaint of oral dryness termed xerostomia.7 Management of xerostomia includes palliative therapy using topical agents or systemic therapy. Electrostimulation to produce saliva was studied in the past and showed moderate promise but never became part of mainstream therapy. Hence, this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on whole salivary flow rate in healthy adults and to evaluate how long this effect of TENS lasts on salivary flow. One hundred healthy adult subjects were divided into five age groups with each group containing 20 subjects equally divided into males and females in each group. Unstimulated saliva was collected using a graduated test tube fitted with funnel and quantity was measured. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit was activated and stimulated saliva was collected. Saliva was again collected 30 minutes and 24 hours post stimulation. The mean unstimulated whole saliva flow rate for all subjects (n = 100) was 2.60 ml/5 min. During stimulation, it increased to 3.60 ± 0.39 ml/5 min. There was 38.46% increase in salivary flow. Ninety six out of 100 responded positively to TENS therapy. Salivary flow remained increased 30 minutes and 24 hours post stimulation with the values being 3.23 ± 0.41 ml/5 min and 2.69 ± 0.39 ml/5 min respectively. Repeated measures One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test showed that the difference between these values were statistically significant. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy was effective for stimulation of whole saliva in normal, healthy subjects and its effect retained till 30 minutes and a little up to 24 hours. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation may work best synergistically with other sialagogues and can be used for the management of xerostomia. Bhasin N, Reddy S, Nagarajappa AK, Kakkad A. A Study on Duration of Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Therapy on Whole Saliva Flow. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):479-485.
Pulpotomy Medicaments used in Deciduous Dentition: An Update
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:18] [Pages No:486 - 503]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1711 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
Al-Dlaigan YH. Pulpotomy Medicaments used in Deciduous Dentition: An Update. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):486-503.
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:3] [Pages No:504 - 506]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1712 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
Ayoub F, Nehme E, Jad S, Salameh Z. A Novel Approach for the Reimbursement of Permanent Partial Dental Disability Following Dental Injury. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):504-506.
Orthognathic Surgery in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:5] [Pages No:507 - 511]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1713 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to report a case of orthognathic surgery successfully done in a patient with multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system affecting young adults, characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the brain and spinal cord leading to demyelination and focal axonal damage. Clinically, MS patients present with reversible neurological dysfunction in the early stages, which progresses to irreversible neurological disability and deficit. Oral manifestations of MS include facial numbness or pain, neuralgias, facial paralysis, dysarthria and dysphagia. While dental treatment is not contraindicated in MS patients, it is, however, limited to preventive and supportive dental care. A 23-year-old Saudi male patient with a diagnosis of MS since 2008 reported to the oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) department for correction of dentofacial deformity. The patient was under follow-up with the neurology department and was being treated with interferon beta-1a. Following consent from the neurologist and the patient, a Lefort 1 segmental osteotomy was done under general anesthesia. The patient was stable throughout the surgical procedure and during the postoperative period. The patient was discharged upon complete surgical recovery and no acute exacerbations of MS were reported during the perioperative period. Based on our observations, orthognathic and maxillofacial surgical procedures can be safely carried out in patients with MS, provided a strict perioperative prophylactic regimen for stress reduction and prevention of acute attacks of MS is adhered to. Due to the stressful nature of dental treatment and oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures, acute exacerbations of MS are very much likely. Hence, it is imperative that dental and oral surgical practitioners are aware of the manifestations of MS and are able to manage such patients with suitable treatment modifications. Al-Bazie SA. Orthognathic Surgery in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):507-511.
Cyanoacrylate Adhesive as an Alternative Tool for Membrane Fixation in Guided Tissue Regeneration
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:7] [Pages No:512 - 518]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1714 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
To report a well succeeded use of cyanoacrylate adhesive for fixating a resorbable membrane during a guided tissue regeneration procedure (GTR). The immobilization of membranes in GTR is essential for establishing proper environment for cell differentiation and tissue regeneration. However, some membranes are very difficult to be kept in position by sutures and its fixation by mini screws or pins may be time consuming and expensive. A 47-year-old woman presenting a vertical bone defect at the palatal aspect of the left central incisor was treated by GTR using particulate autogenous bone graft associated to a collagen membrane. The membrane was glued to the bone surrounding the defect and to the tooth surface with cyanoacrylate adhesive. The postoperative period was uneventful and 4 years later, excellent results in terms of radiographic filling of the defect and reduction of the probing depth were seen. For illustrative purposes, histological findings obtained during a previous experiment in calvaria of guinea pigs is shown, characterizing a foreign body granuloma and proving that the cyanoacrylate adhesive is a safe tool in GTR. The use of a membrane glued with cyanoacrylate to immobilize membranes in GTR is viable and safe from both technical and biological standpoints and may be advantageous for clinical and research purposes. The alternative method for membrane fixation shown in this case report can contribute to simplify the technique in GTR procedures. de Rezende MLR, de Oliveira Cunha P, Damante CA, Santana ACP, Greghi SLA, Zangrando MSR. Cyanoacrylate Adhesive as an Alternative Tool for Membrane Fixation in Guided Tissue Regeneration. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):512-518.
Mandibular First Premolars with One Root and Three Canals: A Case Series
[Year:2015] [Month:June] [Volume:16] [Number:6] [Pages:4] [Pages No:519 - 522]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1715 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
Daneshvar F, Baziar H, Karkehabadi H, Jafarzadeh H, Bhandi S, Patil S. Mandibular First Premolars with One Root and Three Canals: A Case Series. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):519-522.