The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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2015 | July | Volume 16 | Issue 7

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EDITORIAL

Insight into the Latest Concepts of Neurotrophism and Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Cancer

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-16-7-i  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

1,907

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Carlos Jose Soares, Carlos Estrela, Fernanda Ribeiro Santana, Júlio Almeida Silva, Ana Helena Gonçalves Alencar, Sara Rodrigues Renovato, Lawrence Gonzaga Lopes

Effect of Instrumentation Techniques, Irrigant Solutions and Artificial accelerated Aging on Fiberglass Post Bond Strength to Intraradicular Dentin

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:8] [Pages No:523 - 530]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1716  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the effect of instrumentation techniques, irrigant solutions and specimen aging on fiberglass posts bond strength to intraradicular dentine.

Materials and methods

A total of 120 bovine teeth were prepared and randomized into control and experimental groups resulting from three study factors (instrumentation techniques, irrigant solutions, specimen aging). Posts were cemented with RelyX U100. Samples were submitted to push-out test and failure mode was evaluated under a confocal microscope.

Results

In specimens submitted to water artificial aging, nickel-titanium rotary instruments group presented higher bond strength values in apical third irrigated with NaOCl or chlorhexidine. Irrigation with NaOCl resulted in higher bond strength than ozonated water. Artificial aging resulted in significant bond strength increase. Adhesive cement-dentin failure was prevalent in all the groups.

Conclusion

Root canal preparation with NiTi instruments associated with NaOCl irrigation and ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid (EDTA) increased bond strength of fiberglass posts cemented with self-adhesive resin cement to intraradicular dentine. Water artificial aging significantly increased postretention.

Clinical significance

The understanding of factors that may influence the optimal bond between post-cement and cementdentin are essential to the success of endodontically treated tooth restoration.

How to cite this article

Santana FR, Soares CJ, Silva JA, Alencar AHG, Renovato SR, Lopes LG, Estrela C. Effect of Instrumentation Techniques, Irrigant Solutions and Artificial accelerated Aging on Fiberglass Post Bond Strength to Intraradicular Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7): 523-530.

1,279

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti, Leopoldina de Fátima Dantas de Almeida, Samilly Evangelista Souza, Aline Araújo Sampaio, Wander José da Silva, Altair A Del Bel Cur, Josimeri Hebling

Effect of Collagen Matrix Saturation on the Surface Free Energy of Dentin using Different Agents

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:6] [Pages No:531 - 536]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1717  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

The surface free energy of conditioned-dentin is one of the factors that interfere with monomeric infiltration of the interfibrillar spaces. Saturation of the tooth matrix with different substances may modulate this energy and, consequently, the wettability of the dentin.

Aim

To evaluate the influence of different substances used to saturate conditioned-dentin on surface free energy (SFE) of this substrate.

Materials and methods

Dentin blocks (4 × 7 × 1 mm, n = 6/ group), obtained from the roots of bovine incisors, were etched using phosphoric acid for 15 seconds, rinsed and gently dried. The surfaces were treated for 60 seconds with: ultra-purified water (H2O-control); ethanol (EtOH), acetone (ACT), chlorhexidine (CHX), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). The tooth surfaces were once again dried with absorbent paper and prepared for SFE evaluation using three standards: water, formamide and bromonaphthalene. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnet's tests (α = 0.05) were applied to the data.

Results

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was the only substance that caused a change to the contact angle for the standards water and formamide, while only EtOH influenced the angles formed between formamide and the dentin surface. None of the substances exerted a significant effect for bromonaphthalene. In comparison to the control, only EDTA and NaOCl altered both polar components of the SFE. Total SFE was increased by saturation of the collagen matrix by EDTA and reduced when NaOCl was used.

Conclusion

Saturation of the collagen matrix by EDTA and EtOH changed the surface free energy of the dentin. In addition, the use of NaOCl negatively interfered with the properties evaluated.

Clinical significance

The increase of surface free energy and wettability of the dentin surface would allow higher penetration of the the adhesive system, which would be of importance to the clinical success of resin-dentin union.

How to cite this article

de Almeida LFD, Souza SE, Sampaio AA, Cavalcanti YW, da Silva WJ, Cur AADB, Hebling J. Effect of Collagen Matrix Saturation on the Surface Free Energy of Dentin using Different Agents. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):531-536.

1,396

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Claudia Maria Coelho Alves, Ana Vitoria Imbronito, Roberto Fraga Moreira Lotufo, Victor Elias Arana-Chavez

Scaling and Root Planning decreases the Number of Melanosomes within Keratinocytes in Human Gingiva: Ultrastructural Analysis of Three Cases

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:5] [Pages No:537 - 541]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1718  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of the present report was to evaluate the number of melanosomes within keratinocytes on pigmented gingiva, after and before scaling and root planning.

Materials and methods

Inflamed gingiva biopsies were taken from three patients (group 1). Forty days after scaling and root planning, biopsies were collected from the homologous contralateral areas (group 2). Samples were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde—2.5% formaldehyde (freshly prepared from paraformaldehyde) in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer, pH 7.4 for 4 hours, and then processed for transmission electron microscopy. Eighty electron micrographs were evaluated for recording the number of granules by a cross-section grid. The granules that were on intersections were recorded as well as the points that appeared on the cytoplasm for calculating the volumetric density (Vd), i.e the volume that the melanosomes occupied into the cytoplasm of keratinocytes. The presence of melanosomes in different stages of maturation and distribution into the cells were recorded with the aid of a magnifying glass. For the statistical analysis, a student t-test was applied.

Results

Results of the present report showed that melanosomes within keratinocytes were present in a higher number in inflamed gingiva A (11.08 ± 1.47), B (3.16 ± 0.38) and C (4.92 ± 0.89) and decreased after resolving of gingival inflammation A (9.46 ± 0.88), B (1.73 ± 0.25) and C (0.76 ± 0.18).

Conclusion

There is a possibility that inflammation influences the intensity of gingival melanin pigmentation.

Clinical significance

The periodontal treatment appears to have an effect on gingival melanin pigmentation.

How to cite this article

Alves CMC, Imbronito AV, Lotufo RFM, Arana-Chavez VE. Scaling and Root Planning decreases the Number of Melanosomes within Keratinocytes in Human Gingiva: Ultrastructural Analysis of three Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):537-541.

1,673

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Abbas Shokri, Samira Khajeh, Atefeh Khavid, Sara Tabari, Shiva Yarmohammadi

Influence of Head Orientation in Linear Measurement for Implant Planning in Cone Beam Computed Tomography

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:5] [Pages No:542 - 546]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1719  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Use of dental implants in edentulous patients has become a common treatment modality. Treatment of such implants requires radiographic evaluation, and in most cases several different imaging techniques are necessary in order to evaluate the height, width and the structure of bone at implant site. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of head orientation in linear measurement for implant planning in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and methods

In the present in vitro study, 11 human dry mandibles were used. The width and height of bone at the central, canine and molar teeth areas were measured on the left and right sides by using digital calipers (as gold standard) and on CBCT images with Reaxis option and no Reaxis. Data were analyzed with Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 18, using pair t-test, Tukey test and intraclass correlation (ICC).

Results

Data were collected by evaluation of 11 skulls and 66 samples on the whole. There were no significant differences in bone width in any area in both Reaxis and no Reaxis option (p > 0.05). There were significant differences in bone height in the central (p = 0.005) and molar teeth areas (p = 0.010). The results did not show any significant differences between the observers (p = 0.329).

Conclusion

Using the Reaxis option does not affect the measurement of bone width, while use of this option can make a significant difference for height measurements.

How to cite this article

Shokri A, Khajeh S, Khavid A, Tabari S, Yarmohammadi S. Influence of Head Orientation in Linear Measurement for Implant Planning in Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):542-546.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Roberta Tarkany Basting, Flavia Lucisano Botelho do Amaral, Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França, Rafaela Crystyan Vaneli, Carolina de Melo Conti

Effect of Chlorhexidine and Ethanol Application on Longterm Push-out Bond Strength of Fiber Posts to Dentin

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:7] [Pages No:547 - 553]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1720  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine and ethanol application on the push-out bond strength and bond durability of fiber posts cemented with an etch-and-rinse adhesive system/resin cement to intraradicular dentin.

Materials and methods

Fifty-four bovine roots were shaped for the cementation of a fiberglass post and received the application of 37% phosphoric acid. They were then randomly divided into three groups, according to the type of dentin treatment (n = 18) performed: no treatment (control group), 100% ethanol, or 2% chlorhexidine. Next, the adhesive system (Adper Scotch Bond Multipurpose Plus, 3M ESPE) was applied to the dentin, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Glass fiber posts were cemented with dual resin cement (Rely X ARC, 3M ESPE). After 48 hours, the specimens were serially sectioned for push-out test analysis, providing two slices from each root third (cervical, medium and apical), one of which was tested immediately and the other stored in distilled water for 180 days. The data were analyzed with three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures and Tukey's test at a 5% significance level.

Results

Intraradicular treatment with chlorhexidine yielded the highest bond strength means, followed by ethanol treatment. The control group presented the lowest bond strength means. Water storage exerted no effect on bond strength values.

Conclusion

Both chlorhexidine and ethanol improved push-out bond strength to intraradicular dentin, with the former providing the best results, regardless of the storage time.

Clinical significance

The application of 2% chlorhexidine or 100% ethanol may be an important step that can be taken to enhance bond strength of fiber posts to intraradicular dentin, when dual resin cements are used.

How to cite this article

França FMG, Vaneli RC, de Melo Conti C, Basting RT, do Amaral FLB, Turssi CP. Effect of Chlorhexidine and Ethanol Application on Long-term Pushout Bond Strength of Fiber Posts to Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):547-553.

1,416

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Olalere Omoyosola Gbolahan, Stella Amiede Ogunmuyiwa, Babatunde Babasola Osinaike

Randomized Controlled Trial comparing Dressing and No Dressing of Surgical Wound after Cleft Lip Repair

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:5] [Pages No:554 - 558]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1721  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Cover wound dressings are regarded as important postoperative care following surgical intervention. Opinions differ on whether the cleft lip repair wound should be routinely covered by dressings or not. Therefore, a well designed randomized controlled trial is required to determine if routine cover dressing offers a better outcome.

Aim

The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of wound and cosmetic appearance of cleft lip repair in a randomized controlled trial between cover wound and no wound dressing groups.

Materials and methods

Forty consecutive patients requiring cleft lip repair were randomized prospectively to receive the traditional wound dressing cover (n = 20) or had the wound left exposed without any dressing cover (n = 20), after the completion of cleft wound closure. The main outcome measures were wound infection and dehiscence rates in the two groups, in addition to the scar cosmetic outcomes.

Result

The two groups were comparable in terms of age and sex. The incidence of wound infection was 0% (0/20) in cover dressing group as compared to 5% (1/20) in no cover dressing group (p = 0.31). No statistical significant differences in the wound dehiscence rate between the wounds that received dressing (15%) and those with no dressing (20%) were observed. The mean diameter of scar at the 5th to 8th week review appointments was almost similar between the group with dressing (3.29 ± 1.26 mm) and no dressing (3.62 ± 1.28 mm). The patient reported outcome in relation to the cosmetic appearance of the scar after repair was similar in the two groups.

Conclusion

There was no difference in the main outcome measures between the group that had cover dressing and those with exposed wound after cleft lip repair surgery. This study demonstrates that dressing of cleft repair wound may be unnecessary.

How to cite this article

Gbolahan OO, Ogunmuyiwa SA, Osinaike BB, Alabi A. Randomized Controlled Trial comparing Dressing and No Dressing of Surgical Wound after Cleft Lip Repair. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):554-558.

1,453

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Matheus Coelho Bandéca, Adriano Augusto Melo de Mendonça, Etevaldo Matos Maia Filho, Fausto da Silva Bramante, Darlon Martins Lima, Daniele Meira Conde, Vandilson Pinheiro Rodrigues, Soraia de Fátima Carvalho Souza, José Roberto Oliveira Bauer, Suellen Nogueira Linares Lima

Influence of Relining Post on the Bond Strength of Resin Cements

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:6] [Pages No:559 - 564]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1722  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Conde DM, Rodrigues VP, de Fátima Carvalho Souza S, Bauer JRO, da Silva Bramante F, Lima SNL, Filho EMM, Bandeca MC, de Mendonça AAM, Lima DM. Influence of Relining Post on the Bond Strength of Resin Cements. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):559-564.

1,176

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Renata Costa de Morais, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia, Diogo Rodrigues Cruvinel

Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Composite submitted to Different Types and Periods of Finishing/Polishing: Physical Properties of Composites

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:6] [Pages No:565 - 570]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1723  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of accelerated artificial aging (AAA) on color stability (ΔE) and surface roughness of composite submitted to different systems and periods of finishing/polishing.

Materials and methods

A Teflon matrix was used to fabricate 60 specimens that were separated into four groups, according to the finishing/polishing system: G1: no polishing; G2: abrasive papers; G3: rubber polishing disks; and G4: G2 + G3. Polishing was performed at three different time intervals (n = 6): immediately (Im), 24 hours (24 hours) and 7 days (7 day) after specimen fabrication. Initial color and surface roughness readouts were taken. Afterwards, specimens were submitted to AAA (480 hours) and new readouts were taken.

Results

Results demonstrated that G2 (7 day) presented lower ΔE, statistically different from G1 and G4 (7 days) (two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Bonferroni, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Regarding roughness, there was no difference among groups and periods. Polishing performed with abrasive papers, 7 days after performing the restoration, promoted less color alteration.

Clinical significance

Most of composite restorations are replaced within a period shorter than 5 years due to esthetic failure, and correct finishing and polishing procedures are fundamental to avoid these problems.

How to cite this article

de Morais RC, da Fonseca Roberti Garcia L, Cruvinel DR, Pires-de-Souza FCP. Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Composite submitted to Different Types and Periods of Finishing/Polishing: Physical Properties of Composites. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):565-570.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Manpreet Singh, Amiya Agrawal, Arvind Yadav, Manoj Chaudhary, Bhupendra Harjani

Use of Three-dimensional Plates in Mid-face Fracture: A Prospective Study

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:7] [Pages No:571 - 577]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1724  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of our study was to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of three-dimensional (3D) plating system in the treatment of mid-face fractures.

Patients and methods

Thirty mid-face fractures in 18 patients at various anatomic locations were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using 3D plates. All patients were followed at regular intervals of 4th, 8th and 12th weeks respectively. Patients were assessed postoperatively for postoperative complication and occlusal stability. The incidence of neurosensory deficit, infection, masticatory difficulty, nonunion and malunion was also assessed.

Results

A significant reduction in fracture (72.2%) and occlusal stability (72.2%) was seen. The overall complication rate was (16.6%) which included two patients who developed postoperative paresthesia of lip, three patients had infection and two cases of masticatory difficulty which later subsided by higher antibiotics and 4 weeks of MMF. No evidence of nonunion and malunion was noted.

Conclusion

Single 3D titanium plates with 1.7 mm diameter holes and 1.7 mm screws were reliable and an effective treatment modality for mid-face fracture.

Clinical significance

Because of unique biogeometrical design owing to lesser amount of hardware material (fixation device) resulting into increased stability, the fixation in mid-face fractures is better in comparison to conventional 1.5 mm miniplate fixation.

How to cite this article

Singh M, Agrawal A, Chaudhary M, Kaur G, Harjani B, Yadav A. Use of Three-dimensional Plates in Mid-face Fracture: A Prospective Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):571-577.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Adel M Alhadlaq

Biomarkers of Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: A Systematic Review

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:10] [Pages No:578 - 587]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1725  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

The analysis of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) may be an acceptable way to examine the ongoing biochemical processes associated with bone turnover during orthodontic tooth movement. If it is possible to biologically monitor and predict the outcome of orthodontic forces, then the management of appliances could be based on individual tissue responses, and the effectiveness of the treatment could be improved.

Methodology

A literature search was carried out in major databases, such as medline, EMBASE, cochrane library, web of science, google scholar and scopus for relevant studies. Publications in English between 2000 and 2014 which estimated GCF markers as indicators of orthodontic tooth movement were included.

Results

The list of biomarkers available to date was compiled and presented in table format. Each biomarker is discussed separately based on the available evidence.

Conclusion

Several sensitive GCF markers are available to detect the biomechanical changes occurring during orthodontic tooth movement. Further focused research might help to analyze the sensitivity and reliability of these indicators, which in turn can lead to the development of chairside tests to assess the outcome of orthodontic therapy.

How to cite this article

Alhadlaq AM. Biomarkers of Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: A Systematic Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):578-587.

3,269

REVIEW ARTICLE

Kusai Baroudi, Rushabh Dagli, Namrata Dagli, Bassel Tarakji

Oral Paleomicrobiology: Study of Ancient Oral Microbiome

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:7] [Pages No:588 - 594]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1726  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Paleomicrobiology is a special branch of micropaleontology concerned with the study of bacterial fossils. We have used the term ‘oral paleomicrobiology’, as in this review we have focused on the ancient oral microflora. Recently, dental calculus and dental pulp have been identified as rich sources of ancient microbial DNA. Study of this ancient genetic material opens a new door to the ancient world. This review gives an overview of history of ancient DNA research, various techniques of analyzing ancient DNA in dental calculus and dental pulp, and the implications of the oral paleomicrobiology.

Materials and methods

A comprehensive literature search was performed in the following databases—pubmed, medline and google scholar for studies published before 10 April, 2015. The following keywords were used—‘ancient DNA’, ‘ancient oral flora, ‘oral paleomicrobiology’ and ‘oral microbiome’, ‘16S rRNA sequencing’. To obtain additional data, a manual search was performed using the reference lists of selected articles.

Result

As a result of literature search, 27 articles were found in pubmed, 12 in google scholar and one in medline. Eight more articles were selected from the reference list of selected articles.

Conclusion

The combination of microbiology and paleontology has brought a revolution in the study of human evolution and microbial communities. The naturally well-preserved samples of microbial DNA from dental pulp and microbial colonies trapped in dental calculus are a potential source of microbial genetic material, which will prove invaluable in resolving mysteries of the past. This may be a beginning of a new era of oral paleomicrobiology, which will contribute in our studies about prevention of disease by establishing symbiosis between human beings and their microbiome.

How to cite this article

Dagli N, Dagli R, Baroudi K, Tarakji B. Oral Paleomicrobiology: Study of Ancient Oral Microbiome. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):588-594.

1,497

REVIEW ARTICLE

Shankar Gouda Patil, Anuprita Patil, Rahul Anand

Inflammation and Oral Cancer: An Update Review on Targeted Therapies

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:8] [Pages No:595 - 602]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1727  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Patil A, Anand R, Patil SG, Rao RS, Augustine D. Inflammation and Oral Cancer: An Update Review on Targeted Therapies. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):595-602.

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CASE REPORT

Felipe Perozzo Daltoe, Liliane Janete Grando, Maria Inês Meurer, Elena Riet Correa Rivero, Filipe Modolo

A Rare Case of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma arising in Minor Salivary Gland: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Analysis

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:4] [Pages No:603 - 606]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1728  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Daltoe FP, Grando LJ, Meurer MI, Rivero ERC, Modolo F. A Rare Case of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma arising in Minor Salivary Gland: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):603-606.

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CASE REPORT

Namrata Sinha, Tapan Giri, MD Chethan, Amit Tamrakar

Management of Edentulous Orofacial Dyskinesia

[Year:2015] [Month:July] [Volume:16] [Number:7] [Pages:5] [Pages No:607 - 611]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1729  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Singh B, Sinha N, Giri T, Chethan MD, Mahadevan V, Tamrakar A. Management of Edentulous Orofacial Dyskinesia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7): 607-611.

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