The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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2017 | February | Volume 18 | Issue 2

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EDITORIAL

Sachin C Sarode

Under reporting of Cancer Data in India?

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:2] [Pages No:81 - 82]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1995  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Patil S. Under reporting of Cancer Data in India? J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):81-82.

4,528

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Serdar Baglar, Erol Keskin, Tahir Orun, Abdulhamit Es

Discoloration Effects of Traditional Turkish Beverages on different Composite Restoratives

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:11] [Pages No:83 - 93]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1996  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the discoloring effects of five beverages including, especially, traditional Turkish ones on five commonly used dental composites by using a spectrophotometer device.

Materials and methods

Five methacrylate-based composites (shade A2) were selected to evaluate their color stability (175 disk samples). Four of them (Filtek Ultimate Universal, Clearfil Majesty ES-2, Tetric EvoCeram, and Cavex Quadrant Universal LC) were nanofilled universal composites for both anterior and posterior restorations, and one (Clearfil Majesty Posterior) was nano-superfilled for posterior restorations. The tested beverages were tamarind syrup, ottoman syrup, turnip juice, pomegranate juice, and distilled water (control). All samples were kept in an incubator at 37°C for 12 days (measured at 3rd, 6th, 12th day intervals) in immersion solutions which was equivalent to 1 year in vivo. Color measurements were made with VITA Easyshade Advance (Vident, Brea, CA) spectrophotometer device according to CIE L*a*b* system. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance and least significant difference test to analyze differences in L*a*b* and ΔE values.

Results

All materials showed significant discoloration (p < 0.05) when compared with the control group. The highest ΔE was observed in turnip juice, whereas ottoman syrup had the lowest ΔE. Tetric EvoCeram showed the lowest ΔE, while Clearfil Majesty ES-2 showed the highest ΔE.

Conclusion

In all the groups tested, clinically unacceptable ΔE values were obtained. Although color stability of methacrylatebased composites has been widely investigated, this has not been done before with these kinds of immersion solutions.

Clinical significance

Potential discoloration might be limited by dietary adjustments based on in vitro evaluations.

How to cite this article

Baglar S, Keskin E, Orun T, Es A. Discoloration Effects of Traditional Turkish Beverages on different Composite Restoratives. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2): 83-93.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ricardo Raitz, Mariana Tiepo, Gabriel Magrin, Ana C Kovalik, Belkiss Marmora, Milena F Silva

Evaluation of Root Fracture in endodontically treated Teeth using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:94 - 99]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1997  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Our objective was to perform an in vitro evaluation of root fracture in endodontically treated teeth using two cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) machines.

Materials and methods

The sample comprised 86 singlerooted human premolars that had been fractured by a universal testing machine. The tomographic images were acquired using an Orthopantomograph OP300® and an Orthophos XG 3D® and evaluated by three examiners, by means of specific software. The teeth were classified into presence or absence of root fracture, then the root third where the fracture occurred, was determined. With regard to the detection of the fracture, the Kappa statistic was used for intra and interexaminer reproducibility at two distinct points in time. Chi-squared test was employed to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of the two tomographs (p < 0.05).

Results

The results showed a good or excellent Kappa index between examiners. As for the absolute frequency, the sensitivity (0.6) of the Orthophos XG 3D® equipment was superior, while specificity (0.91) was higher with the Orthopantomograph OP300®. On the receiver operating characteristics curve, moderate performance was found with an accuracy of 0.73 (OrthopantomographOP300®) and 0.74 (Orthophos XG 3D®) respectively. As far as the location of the root fracture is concerned, moderate agreement was verified using the Kappa statistic (k = 0.56).

Conclusion

Although the regular CBCTs represent the imaging examination of choice for assisting root fracture diagnosis in endodontically treated teeth, their performance in this study demonstrated an imprecise diagnosis of fractures in a good many cases, irrespective of the tomography machine used.

Clinical significance

An early and precise detection of root fractures is of the utmost clinical importance, but the radiopaque and/or metallic filling materials in the CBCT viewing field may generate artifacts, known as the beam-hardening effect, which could compromise root fracture detection.

How to cite this article

Tiepo M, Magrin G, Kovalik AC, Marmora B, Silva MF, Raitz R. Evaluation of Root Fracture in endodontically treated Teeth using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):94-99.

3,785

RESEARCH ARTICLE

V Raj Kumar, Priya Yadav, Efrem Kahsu, Farhana Girkar, Rajnish Chakraborty

Prevalence and Pattern of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction in Eritrean Population: A Retrospective Study

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:100 - 106]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1998  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

The most commonly impacted tooth in the oral cavity is the mandibular third molar. Various etiologic factors have been suggested for impacted mandibular third molars. The pattern and prevalence of impacted mandibular third molars vary with different population and region. This study throws light on the prevalence and pattern of impacted mandibular third molars in Eritrea, East Africa. This is the first reported study regarding the same from Eritrea.

Aim

To assess the prevalence and pattern of impacted mandibular third molars in the population of Eritrea, East Africa by conducting a retrospective study from January 2009 to January 2014.

Materials and methods

This study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Orotta School of Medicine and Dental Medicine and the Orotta Referral Medical and Surgical Hospital, Asmara, Eritrea. A total of 1,813 clinical and radiographic records [orthopantomograms] were assessed and 276 cases were selected for the study as per the inclusion criteria. They were evaluated for the frequency among the various age groups, gender and region along with the sides affected, angulation and level of impaction. The presence of systemic conditions and associated pathologies was also assessed according to the type of impaction.

Results

The average age of these patients in the study was found to be 30 years, with the 20 to 30 years age group being the most affected (67.4%). Females (53.3%) were affected more than the males (46.7%). People from the Asmara region showed significantly more prevalence (79.7%) than the adjoining areas (20.3%). Mesioangular impaction was the most common angulation with a definite relationship to the age groups (p = 0.032). The level of impaction had no significant relationship to the age groups, gender, or region, although class I position A was found to be the most common type. Mesioangular class I position A impaction showed an apparent relationship with underlying systemic conditions, but it was statistically insignificant. Mesioangular impaction was found to be associated with the most number of pathologies (p = 0.001).

Conclusion

The prevalence of mandibular impaction was less in Eritrea (15.2%) compared with other populations. This study provides useful baseline data for the prevalence and pattern of mandibular impaction in the Eritrean population.

Clinical significance

This study throws light on the pattern, type, and frequency of mandibular impacted teeth as per age, sex, and region among the population of Eritrea.

How to cite this article

Kumar VR, Yadav P, Kahsu E, Girkar F, Chakraborty R. Prevalence and Pattern of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction in Eritrean Population: A Retrospective Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):100-106.

4,553

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Igor FP Lima, Georgia Verardi, Michele De C Ferreira, Soluete O da Silva, Luiz R Paranhos

Most Frequent Oral Lesions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:107 - 111]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1999  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a chronic disease caused by the underproduction of insulin in the organism and it is considered a risk factor to periodontal disease.

Materials and methods

This study performed a cross-sectional research on the main oral changes in patients with DM2 and nondiabetics, in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The sample included 116 patients examined at the Diabetes Outpatient Clinic of the School of Medicine of the University of Passo Fundo (UPF) and 134 nondiabetic patients examined at the Examinations, Triage, and Emergency Sector of the School of Dentistry of UPF. Inclusion criteria for the study were patients over 35-years old, diagnosed with DM2 for more than 2 years. The same criteria were used for the control group, except for the presence of diabetes. Data collected were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18.0 for Windows™ software and the Chi-square test at 5% significance. This study showed that, overall, oral lesions were more prevalent in diabetic patients.

Results

The stomatological manifestations observed more frequently in such patients were pseudomembranous candidiasis, lichen planus, lingual varices, xerostomia, and prosthetic stomatitis (p > 0.001).

Conclusion

Therefore, based on the sample investigated, it is concluded that patients with DM2 present higher prevalence of oral lesions when compared with nondiabetics.

Clinical significance

It is important for the dentist to know about oral lesions because they may allow either early diagnosis in patients unaware of this condition or help diagnosing a potential decompensation. Moreover, oral lesions may represent a potential gateway for infectious agents, and the dentist may restrain this condition by performing treatment as early as possible.

How to cite this article

Trentin MS, Verardi G, De C Ferreira M, de Carli JP, da Silva SO, Lima IFP, Paranhos LR. Most Frequent Oral Lesions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):107-111.

5,668

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Khurshid A Mattoo, Faisal M Alkhayrat, Hussam A Madkhali, Ibrahim H Geathy, Mohammed AW Qahhar, Ahmed Yaqoub

Subjective Differences between Dentists and Patients about Relative Quality of Metal Ceramic Restorations placed in the Esthetic Zone

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:112 - 116]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2000  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

Esthetic perceptions could differ between the dentist and his patients among various regions and cultures.

Aim

The aims of this study were to evaluate the subjective differences between the dentist and the patient in terms of esthetics of metal-ceramic crowns (MCcs). The study also aims to compare the mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) dimensions of the cemented crown with its respective natural antimeric tooth.

Materials and methods

A total of 85 patients seeking treatment for a single crown (MC) were treated by the undergraduate students under supervision of respective academic staff. After cementation of the crowns, a 9-point questionnaire was given to patient and different dentists. A treatment cast for every single crown was poured. Then, the MD and BL dimensions of the crowns were compared against their respective antimeric tooth.

Results

The dentists and the patients agreed in the range of 50.5 to 90.5%. Least subjective differences were found for the length and width of the cemented crowns. The highest differences were noted for symmetry between the cemented crown and its antimeric natural tooth. A total of 31 to 38% of the patients differed from the dentist's evaluation for shade of the crown, color of the crown at the margin, contour of the crown, and the relationship of the crowns with the surrounding gingiva. The highest MD and BL dimensions were in the cemented crown of canines, while the lowest MD and BL diameters were for the cemented crowns of the lateral incisor crowns.

Conclusion

Dentist and patient mostly agreed in terms of length (90%), width (81%) and relation of crown with free gingiva (74%). However, they differed mostly on the symmetry of the cemented crowns. The highest MD dimensions and BL diameter were in the cemented MCcs of canine, while the lowest were with lateral incisors.

Clinical significance

While fabricating a dental prosthesis, the dentist must know about patients’ perception of esthetics; otherwise both clinical and laboratory efforts would not be enough to satisfy the esthetic needs of the patient even if the restoration is technically correct. Perceptions related to symmetry differ mostly between dentist and patient.

How to cite the article

Al Moaleem MM, Alkhayrat FM, Madkhali HA, Geathy IH, Qahhar MAW, Yaqoub A, Mattoo KA. Subjective Differences between Dentists and Patients about Relative Quality of Metal Ceramic Restorations placed in the Esthetic Zone. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):112-116.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Azzam Al-Jundi, Basem Al Sabbagh

Evaluation of Periodontal Changes Adjacent to Extraction Sites during Upper Canine Retraction

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:9] [Pages No:117 - 125]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2001  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

There is an intimate relationship between orthodontic therapy and the periodontal changes that occur during tooth movement.

Materials and methods

This prospective clinical trial aims at investigating the movement of both the free and attached gingiva, as well as the movement of the alveolar bone in the extraction site of the upper 1st premolars during the retraction of the upper canines. In this study, 17 patients (10 female, 7 male) requiring 1st premolar extraction before orthodontic tooth movement were selected and treated at the Department of Orthodontics in the Faculty of Dentistry in University of Hama, Hama, Syria. The upper 1st premolars were extracted, and the implant AutoTacs were applied on the alveolar bone afterward. Then, measurements between the center of the implant AutoTacs and the L-shape wire were taken, utilizing digital Vernier caliper. After 3 weeks of extraction, tattooing marked points were placed on the free and the attached gingival, and the measurements were taken using the same digital Vernier caliper. Closed coil springs made of nickel-titanium were used to retract the upper canines, and a force of 150 gm was applied.

Results

The results of this study showed significant differences between the movement of both the free and attached gingiva and the movement of the corresponding upper canines (p < 0.001). The movement of the free gingiva had formed about 77% of the amount of the movement of the upper canine retraction. No significant differences were detected between the place of implant AutoTac X1 and the L-shaped wire (W) during the retraction of the upper canine. On the contrary, significant differences were noticed between the place of implant AutoTac X2 and the L-shaped wire (W) during the retraction of the upper canine (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

There is significant movement of hard and soft tissues during and after premolar extraction and orthodontic therapy.

Clinical significance

The movement of supporting tissues of the teeth along with the alveolar bone during canine retraction is an important biological characteristic of the orthodontic tooth movement. Clinicians need to understand the role and importance of the supporting tissues during orthodontic treatment, which needs to be incorporated into their routine clinical evaluations.

How to cite this article

Al-Jundi A, Al Sabbagh B, Baskaradoss JK. Evaluation of Periodontal Changes Adjacent to Extraction Sites during Upper Canine Retraction. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):117-125.

5,498

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ajay Nagpal, Pankaj K Srivastava, Gaurav Setya, Alankrita Chaudhary, Kuldeep Dhanker

Assessment of Coronal Leakage of Temporary Restorations in Root Canal-treated Teeth: An in vitro Study

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:126 - 130]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2002  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

Coronal leakage is one of the constant concerns in routine dental practice. It is one of the factors responsible for the failure of root canal therapy. Permanent restorations should be given as soon as possible after the completion of root canal therapy. If unavoidable, provisional restoration should be given in such a way that it maximally reduced the leakage of microorganisms and fluids from the external environment into the canal space. Hence, we evaluated the effect of saliva on the coronal leakage of temporary restorations.

Materials and methods

Biomechanical preparation of the root canals of 204 fresh mandibular first premolar teeth was done using endodontic files with intermittent irrigation of sodium hypochlorite solution and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Alternate irrigation with normal saline was done periodically. After preparation, drying of the canals was done using paper points followed by sealing of the apical foramen. For the assessment of the microleakage, Siqueira et al apparatus and method was used. All the specimens were divided into four groups based on the provisional restorative material used. All the groups were further divided into three subgroups based on the presence and absence of intracanal medicaments. Verissimo et al's criteria were used to check the turbidity at 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-week interval respectively. All the results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Chi-square test was used to measure the level of significance, and p < 0.05 was considered to be significant.

Results

In group I, all the subgroups’ specimens showed significant difference at 1 week's time. Only the subgroup with no intracanal medicaments in Cavit-containing provisional restoration showed nonsignificant alterations. Statistically significant alterations were seen at 1, 2, and 3 weeks’ interval in all the subgroups except for one with intracanal medicaments.

Conclusion

All the temporary restorative materials were not able to prevent microleakage after 1 week's time, with worst bacterial resistance shown by Ketac Molar and ionomer restorative material. Future studies are advocated for better prognosis of root canal therapy.

How to cite this article

Srivastava PK, Nagpal A, Setya G, Kumar S, Chaudhary A, Dhanker K. Assessment of Coronal Leakage of Temporary Restorations in Root Canal-treated Teeth: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):126-130.

5,690

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Mathew M Alani, PB Reba, Susan Mathew, KN Velayudhan Nair, Sayij Haridas, Sherin A Thomas

Radiofrequency Glow Discharge as a Mode of Disinfection for Elastomeric Impression Materials

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:131 - 136]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2003  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

Prosthodontic practice involves procedures in which impressions of the maxillary and mandibular arches are mandatory. Cross infection is one of the major problems that can occur in regular dental practice. Every dentist should take utmost care to prevent cross infection as oral cavity is the source of variety of microorganisms which can often cause diseases that can be fatal. Although precautions, such as wearing of gloves and mask, sterilization of instruments are given importance, the need for disinfection of impressions is often neglected. Hence, the aim of the study was to assess the disinfection potential of radiofrequency glow discharge (RGD) by microbiological studies.

Materials and methods

Disinfection potential of RGD on addition silicone (Reprosil, Dentsply, Milford DE, USA) was assessed. Total sample size was 20. Samples were divided into two groups of 10 each. Group I – control group and group II – RGD-treated group. Main groups were subdivided into subgroups A and B. Data collected were analyzed.

Results

The RGD-treated samples were found to be culture sterile which meant that there were no signs of growth of any organisms, thus proving the disinfection potential of RGD.

Conclusion

From this study, we can conclude that RGD is a very rapid and handy device, which can disinfect saliva contaminated elastomeric impression material surfaces.

Clinical significance

When compared with the difficulties and lack of efficiency encountered in disinfecting impressions by immersion and spray atomization, RGD can be very handy in dental clinics, as it is a very rapid and convenient method for infection control.

How to cite this article

Mathew S, Alani MM, Nair KNV, Haridas S, Reba PB, Thomas SA. Radiofrequency Glow Discharge as a Mode of Disinfection for Elastomeric Impression Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):131-136.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Pavan G Kulkarni, M Aruna Kumari, Abhishek Jahagirdar, SRK Nandan, Shyam Prasad Reddy D, M Keerthi

Collagen and Its Role in predicting the Biological Behavior of Odontogenic Lesions

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:137 - 141]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2004  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

Odontogenic cysts and tumors have variable recurrence rates. Recurrence rate is mainly due to the activity of the epithelium. The epithelium of these lesions has been investigated extensively in regard to their role in proliferative and aggressive behavior of the lesions. However, the role of the connective tissue wall in their behavior has not been studied as extensively. Collagen is an essential part of the connective tissue as a whole and fibrous wall of cystic lesions especially. It is demonstrated by picrosirius red dye staining combined with polarization microscopy. This method permits the evaluation of the nature of the collagen fibers in addition to their thickness.

Materials and methods

A total of 56 histopathologically diagnosed cases comprising odontogenic follicle, dentigerous cyst, unicystic ameloblastoma, keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT), multicystic/solid ameloblastoma, and ameloblastic carcinoma were taken and stained using picrosirius red stain and evaluated using a polarizing microscope.

Results

Collagen fibers in odontogenic follicles and dentigerous cysts showed predominant orange-red birefringence; fibers in unicystic ameloblastoma and KCOT showed both orange red and greenish-yellow birefringence; and fibers of multicystic/ solid ameloblastoma showed predominant greenish-yellow birefringence and ameloblastic carcinoma that showed almost complete greenish birefringence. As the biological behavior of the lesions in the spectrum studied progress toward aggressive nature, increase in immature collagen fibers is noticed.

Conclusion

This study suggests that the nature of collagen fibers plays a pivotal role in predicting the biological behavior of odontogenic lesions.

Clinical significance

Aggressive nature of the odontogenic lesions is determined by both the epithelium and the connective tissue components (collagen). Studying the nature and type of collagen helps in predicting its biological behavior.

How to cite this article

Kulkarni PG, Kumari MA, Jahagirdar A, Nandan SRK, Reddy DSP, Keerthi M. Collagen and Its Role in predicting the Biological Behavior of Odontogenic Lesions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):137-141.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

The Prevalence of Major Types of Occlusal Anomalies among Saudi Middle School Students

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:142 - 146]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2005  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

Malocclusion is the most common dental anomaly among children and adolescents. Accordingly, this study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of major types of occlusal anomalies in permanent dentition among Saudi Arabian middle school adolescent students seeking orthodontic treatment in Jeddah.

Materials and methods

The sample comprised 150 males and 150 females with mean age of 14.25 (±1.09) for both males and females. Data were registered using the Bjork method.

Results

The results of the study showed that postnormal occlusion, prenormal occlusion, and bimaxillary protrusion represented 22, 14.7, and 8.3% of the studied sample respectively. Moderate and severe overjet accounted for 24.7 and 5.7% and for overbite 28 and 13% respectively. Midline deviation was detected in 25.3% of the sample. Mild, moderate, and severe maxillary and mandibular crowding represented 10, 27.3, and 10% and 13, 40, and 9.7% respectively.

Conclusion

The prevalence of occlusal anomalies was 90% and some occlusal anomalies were higher in females.

Clinical significance

The prevalence of occlusal anomalies in Saudi Arabian middle school students necessitates the demand for obtaining baseline data for planning orthodontic services.

How to cite this article

Baeshen H. The Prevalence of Major Types of Occlusal Anomalies among Saudi Middle School Students. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):142-146.

24,770

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Animesh Barodiya, Rishi Thukral, SM Agrawal, Anil S Chouhan, Sidharth Singh, Yogesh Loksh

Self-tapping Intermaxillary Fixation Screw: An Alternative to Arch Bar

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:147 - 151]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2006  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

The use of intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in the treatment of faciomaxillary fractures is the key factor for reduction and immobilization. Various techniques of IMF have been described in the past and recently IMF screws have been introduced. This technique has various advantages, including ease of use, less time consumption, less trauma to the surrounding soft tissues, and relatively reduced risk of needle stick injury. This study evaluates the efficacy of IMF screws over arch bar IMF before definitive fixation of facial fractures.

Materials and methods

This study is a randomized clinical study. Study population consists of 20 patients with mandibular fractures requiring IMF with open reduction and reported to Department of Oral Surgery, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India between September 2012 and April 2015. Two groups were formed with 10 patients in each group. In the first group, IMF was achieved using the Erich's arch bar and wires. In the second group, IMF was achieved using self-tapping IMF screw. The patients were assessed for various parameters, such as the time required in minutes for the IMF stability of fixation, postoperative occlusion, postoperative pain, periodontal health, oral hygiene, and incidence of needle stick injury.

Results

All the cases had stable IMF in both groups. At the end of 14th day, overall oral hygiene was poor in group I and good in group II, significant statistically (p = 0.031). Iatrogenic injury to tooth was absent in group I and present in 1 case in group II, not significant statistically (p = 0.305). Average time taken for the IMF in group I was 74.9 minutes, with the range of 58 to 88 minutes, and in group II was 16.1 minutes, with the range of 11 to 22 minutes, which is highly significant statistically (p = 0.001). Needle stick injuries were taken as positive if glove perforation was present and these were reported in four cases in group I, whereas in group II, no case had incidence of needle stick injuries, which shows significant statistically (p = 0.025).

Conclusion

After this study, we can conclude that IMF selftapping screw is a proven useful technique of IMF. Intermaxillary fixation is a safe and less time-consuming method but with various shortcomings and complications, which the surgeon must be aware of while providing treatment.

Clinical significance:

How to cite this article

Barodiya A, Thukral R, Agrawal SM, Chouhan AS, Singh S, Loksh Y. Self-tapping Intermaxillary Fixation Screw: An Alternative to Arch Bar. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):147-151.

7,846

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ibadullah Kundi

Cephalometric Soft Tissue Standard and Gender Dimorphism in Nasal Prominence estimated By Holdaway's Analysis in Patients visiting College of Dentistry, Aljouf University

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:152 - 155]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2007  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

The objectives were to see the nasal prominence norm and the gender dimorphism in nasal prominence measured by Holdaway's soft tissue analysis.

Materials and methods

The sample size was 100 (50 males and 50 females). The subjects included in the study were of Saudi origin with class I skeletal and dental relationship and all teeth present. The age group of the patients was between 18 and 28 years. The radiographs were traced and analyzed by two students and cross-checked by an orthodontist. The nasal prominence was measured according to the technique described by Holdaway.

Results

The descriptive statistics were calculated for both male and female groups. The mean value of nasal prominence when male and female samples were combined was 14.08 mm. No statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.083) when genders were compared. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Conclusion

No statistically significant difference was found when genders were compared. The value for males was normal while the value for females was less than Holdaway's normal.

Clinical significance

These values would aid in treatment planning for orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment.

How to cite this article

Kundi I. Cephalometric Soft Tissue Standard and Gender Dimorphism in Nasal Prominence estimated by Holdaway's Analysis in Patients visiting College of Dentistry, Aljouf University. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18(2):152-155.

4,628

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sara Nader Marta, Maria SA Matsumoto, Marcia AN Gatti, Marta HS de Conti, Sandra F de AP Simeão, Solange de Oliveira Braga Franzolin

Determinants of Demand in the Public Dental Emergency Service

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:156 - 161]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2008  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

Although dental emergencies are primarily aimed at pain relief, in practice, dental emergency services have been overwhelmed by the massive inflow of patients with less complex cases, which could be resolved at basic levels of health care. They frequently become the main gateway to the system. We investigated the determinant factors of demand at the Central Dental Emergency Unit in Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.

Materials and methods

The questionnaire was applied to 521 users to evaluate sociodemographic profile; factors that led users to seek the service at the central dental emergency; perception of service offered.

Results

About 80.4% of users went directly to the central dental emergency, even before seeking basic health units. The reasons were difficulty to be attended (34.6%) and incompatible time (9.8%). To the perception of the necessity of the service, responses were problem as urgent (78.3%) and pain was the main complaint (69.1%). The profile we found was unmarried (41.5%), male (52.2%), white (62.8%), aged 30 to 59 (52.2%), incomplete basic education (41.6%), family income up to 2 minimum wages (47.4%), and no medical/dental plan (88.9%).

Conclusion

It was concluded that the users of central dental emergency come from all sectors of the city, due to difficult access to basic health units; they consider their complaint urgent; and they are satisfied with the service offered.

Clinical significance

To meet the profile of the user urgency's service so that it is not overloaded with demand that can be fulfilled in basic health units.

How to cite this article

Matsumoto MSA, Gatti MAN, de Conti MHS, de AP Simeão SF, de Oliveira Braga Franzolin S, Marta SN. Determinants of Demand in the Public Dental Emergency Service. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):156-161.

4,590

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Suruchi Malpani, Jatin Arora, Gunjeeta Diwaker, Priyajeet Kaur Kaleka, Aditi Parey, Parinita Bontala

Child Abuse and Neglect: Do We know enough? A Cross-sectional Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Dentists regarding Child Abuse and Neglect in Pune, India

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:8] [Pages No:162 - 169]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2009  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

Child abuse and neglect (CAN) is a significant global problem with a serious impact on the victims throughout their lives. Dentists have the unique opportunity to address this problem. However, reporting such cases has become a sensitive issue due to the uncertainty of the diagnosis. The authors are testing the knowledge of the dentists toward CAN and also trying to question the efforts of the educational institutions to improve this knowledge for the better future of the younger generation.

Materials and methods

Questionnaire data were distributed to 1,106 members regarding their knowledge, professional responsibilities, and behavior concerning child abuse.

Results

There were 762 responses to the questionnaire, yielding a response rate of 68.9%. Although dentists consider themselves able to identify suspicious cases, only a small percentage of the participants correctly identified all signs of abuse and 76.8% knew the indicators of child abuse. Most of them were willing to get involved in detecting a case and about 90% believed that it is their ethical duty to report child abuse. Only 7.2% suspected an abuse case in the past. The numbers indicate a lack of awareness about CAN in these participants. No differences were observed between sexes, year of graduation, types of license, frequency at which children were treated, and formal training already received.

Conclusion

A large proportion of child physical abuse cases go undocumented and unreported. The data showed that not all dental care providers and students were prepared to fulfill their legal and professional responsibilities in these situations.

Clinical significance

There should be modifications in the dental school curriculum focusing on educational experiences regarding child abuse to strengthen their capability to care and protect children.

How to cite this article

Malpani S, Arora J, Diwaker G, Kaleka PK, Parey A, Bontala P. Child Abuse and Neglect: Do We know enough? A Cross-sectional Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Dentists regarding Child Abuse and Neglect in Pune, India. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):162-169.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Zahed Mohammadi, Sousan Shalavi, Jun-Ichiro Kinoshita, Hamid Jafarzadeh, Luciano Giardino

Lasers in Apicoectomy: A Brief Review

[Year:2017] [Month:February] [Volume:18] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:170 - 173]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2010  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Mohammadi Z, Jafarzadeh H, Shalavi S, Kinoshita J-I, Giardino L. Lasers in Apicoectomy: A Brief Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):170-173.

7,966

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