The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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2007 | November | Volume 8 | Issue 7

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Elias Casals, Tchilalo Boukpessi, Christina M. McQueen, Sandy L. Eversole, Robert V. Faller

Anticaries Potential of Commercial Dentifrices as Determined by Fluoridation and Remineralization Efficiency

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:10] [Pages No:1 - 10]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-1  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate fluoride uptake in human enamel after use of commercially available toothpastes containing different fluoride compounds, or combinations of fluoride actives formulated into a single product, as a means of determining the efficiency of each formula for delivering caries preventing fluoride to demineralized (caries active) enamel.

Methods and Materials

Four test dentifrices and two controls were assessed and placed in groups as follows: Group 1: Lacer® (Spain); Group 2: Positive control-USP Reference Standard 1100 ppm F; Group 3: Fluocaril® Bi-Fluoré 250 (France); Group 4: Colgate Fluor Active (Denmark); Group 5: Elmex® (France); and Group 6: A placebo (formulated the same as the USP Reference Standard toothpaste with the exception that it contained < 1 ppm F). Cores 3 mm in diameter were removed from erupted human enamel specimens (extracted by local oral surgeons for orthodontic reasons) and stored in 1% Thymol solution prior to use. They were ground and polished to remove the natural fluoride rich enamel layer, then exposed to a demineralization solution, and assessed for surface microhardness to enable randomization for use in the study. Each group of five specimens underwent a daily pH cycling procedure that involved exposure to pooled human saliva (refreshed three times daily). The groups were then exposed to dentifrice slurries four times daily for one minute per exposure and to a demineralization solution for three hours. The cycling procedure was repeated for five days. Specimens were again analyzed for surface microhardness and fluoride uptake upon completion of five days of treatment.

Results

Average surface hardness: Groups 2 and 3 showed a statistically significant greater (p<0.05) change indicating greater remineralization compared to all other groups. The average change was 23.45 for Group 2 and 22.65 for Group 3. All other groups had changes ranging from 4.25-8.62. No other statistically significant differences were observed between groups. Fluoride uptake results: Groups 2 and 3 showed statistically significantly greater fluoride uptake versus all other groups (p <0.05). Groups 1 and 5 were significantly different from Group 6. No other statistically significant differences were observed for either analysis.

Conclusions

Of the marketed products included in the study, the Fluocaril® Bi-Fluoré 250 product formulation provided both the highest level of fluoride uptake and mineralization to the demineralized enamel. The clinical significance of these in vitro results is the confirmation Fluocaril® Bi-Fluoré 250 is effective at remineralizing enamel caries lesions.

Citation

Casals E, Boukpessi T, McQueen CM, Eversole SL, Faller RV. Anticaries Potential of Commercial Dentifrices as Determined by Fluoridation and Remineralization Efficiency. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:001-010.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Barry M. Owens, Michael Kitchens

The Erosive Potential of Soft Drinks on Enamel Surface Substrate: An In Vitro Scanning Electron Microscopy Investigation

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:10] [Pages No:11 - 20]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-11  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Using scanning electron and light microscopy, this study qualitatively evaluated the erosive potential of carbonated cola beverages as well as sports and high-energy drinks on enamel surface substrate.

Methods and Materials

Beverages used in this study included: Coca Cola Classic®, Diet Coke®, Gatorade® sports drink, Red Bull® high-energy drink, and tap water (control). Extracted human permanent molars free of hypocalcification and/or caries were used in this study. The coronal portion of each tooth was removed and sectioned longitudinally from the buccal to the lingual surface. The crown sections were embedded in acrylic resin, leaving the enamel surfaces exposed. Following finishing and polishing of all surfaces, one side was covered with red nail varnish while the remaining side was exposed to individual beverage immersion for 14 days, 24 hours per day, at 37°C. The specimens were evaluated for enamel surface changes using scanning electron and light microscopy.

Results

Enamel specimens exhibited visual surface changes following immersion in the test beverages with Red Bull® and Gatorade® revealing the most striking surface morphological changes. Specimens subjected to Coca Cola Classic® and Diet Coke® immersion also displayed irregular post-treatment surface morphology.

Conclusions

As verified by microscopic evaluation, all test beverages displayed enamel dissolution in the following order: Red Bull®>Gatorade®>Coca-Cola Classic®>Diet Coke®.

Citation

Owens BM, Kitchens M. The Erosive Potential of Soft Drinks on Enamel Surface Substrate: An In Vitro Scanning Electron Microscopy Investigation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:011-020.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

A. Rüya Yazici, Gerard Kugel, Ali Müftü

Temperature Rise Produced by Different Light-curing Units through Dentin

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:8] [Pages No:21 - 28]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-21  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

This study investigated the temperature rise caused by different light curing units and the temperature increase in dentin of different thicknesses.

Methods and Materials

Dentin discs of 1.0 and 2.0 mm thicknesses were prepared from extracted human mandibular molars. Temperatures were recorded directly at the surface of the light guide tip, under dentin discs with different thicknesses, and through a sandwich composed of 2 mm thick cured composite and dentin using a K-type thermocouple. The curing units used were two quartz-tungsten-halogen lights (Spectrum and Elipar Trilight-ET) and a light-emitting diode (LED).

Results

The highest temperature rise was observed under a Mylar strip using ET standard mode. Under 1 and 2 mm thick dentin barriers, the lowest temperature rise was measured for the LED curing light. Significant differences in temperature rise existed among all curing units except between the Spectrum and ET exponential modes under a 1 mm thick dentin barrier with cured composite. Temperature rises were insignificant between the Spectrum and ET exponential modes and between two modes of Trilight when the same experimental setup was used under a 2 mm thick dentin barrier.

Conclusion

For all curing units, temperature elevation through 2 mm of dentin was less than for 1 mm of dentin thickness. The ET standard mode produced the highest and the LED produced the lowest temperature rise for all tested conditions. The thickness of dentin and light-curing unit might affect temperature transmission.

Citation

Yazici AR, Müftü A, Kugel G. Temperature Rise Produced by Different Light-curing Units through Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:021-028.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Christopher Millen, Martyn Ormond, Gillian Richardson, Ario Santini, Vesna Miletic, Peter kew

A Study of Temperature Rise in the Pulp Chamber during Composite Polymerization with Different Light-curing Units

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:9] [Pages No:29 - 37]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-29  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The study compared pulp temperature rise during polymerization of resin-based composites (RBCs) using halogen and LED light-curing units (LCUs).

Methods and Materials

A total of 32 teeth extracted from patients aged 11-18 years were used in the study. Thermocouples placed on the roof of the pulp chamber using a novel ‘split-tooth’ method. In Group 1 a halogen LCU with a light intensity of 450 mWcm-2 was used and in Group 2, an LED LCU with a light intensity of 1100 mWcm-2 was used. The teeth were placed in a water bath with the temperature regulated until both the pulp temperature and the ambient temperature were stable at 37°C. Continuous temperature records were made via a data logger and computer. The increase in temperature from baseline to maximum was calculated for each specimen during the curing of both the bonding agent and the RBC.

Results

The rise in pulp temperature was significantly higher with the LED LCU than with the halogen LCU for bonding and RBC curing (p<0.05). The major rise in temperature occured during the curing of the bonding agent. During the curing of the RBC, rises were smaller.

Conclusions

Curing of bonding agents should be done with low intensity light and high intensity used only for curing RBC regardless of whether LED or halogen LCUs are used.

Citation

Millen C, Ormond M, Richardson G, Santini A, Miletic V, Kew P. A Study of Temperature Rise in the Pulp Chamber during Composite Polymerization with Different Light-curing Units. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:029-037.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Larissa Maria Cavalcante, Alessandra Resende Peris, Luiz André Freire Pimenta, Nick Silikas

Effect of Light Curing Units on Marginal Adaptation and Hardness of Class II Composite Resin Restorations

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:8] [Pages No:38 - 45]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-38  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims

The aim of this study was to test the influence of different curing protocols on dentin marginal adaptation and the hardness of two composites.

Methods and Materials

Three light-curing-units (LCUs): Quartz-Tungsten-Halogen (QTH: 541mW/cm2), Argon-Ion-Laser (AL: 277mW/cm2), and Plasma-Arc-Curing (PAC: 1818mW/cm2) and two composites FiltekZ250 (F) and Tetric Ceram HB (TC) were tested. Sixty standardized “vertical-slot-Class II-cavities” were prepared at the mesial surface of bovine incisors and divided into six groups (n=10). Composites were placed using the Single Bond adhesive system and cured in 2 mm increments according to the manufacturers’ instructions. After polishing, epoxy replicas were processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) marginal adaptation analysis at 500x magnification. The specimens were then sectioned transversally to the dental long axis, embedded in polyester resin, then polished and submitted to the Knoop hardness test at gingival and occlusal portions of the restoration. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (p=0.05).

Results

The gap margins ranged between 4.3 to 5.8 μm, and no statistically significant differences were revealed in marginal adaptation for LCUs or for composites (p>0.05). Location influenced hardness (p≤0.01). The occlusal portion presented significantly higher KHN than the gingival portion for all composite-LCU combinations. Regardless of the LCU used, TC produced statistically significant lower hardness values (ranging between 82.8 to 110.7 KHN) than F (ranging between 105.9 to 117.3 KHN).

Conclusions

Hardness and gap formation were not dependent on the LCUs tested in this study. Different resin composite was found to be a significant factor with regards to hardness but not gap formation.

Citation

Cavalcante LM, Peris AR, Silikas N, Pimenta LAF. Effect of Light Curing Units on Marginal Adaptation and Hardness of Class II Composite Resin Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:038-045.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Rubens Nazareno Garcia, Mario Fernando de Goes, Marcelo Giannini

Effect of Water Storage on Bond Strength of Self-etching Adhesives to Dentin

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:8] [Pages No:46 - 53]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-46  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The objective of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems one week and one year after storage in water.

Methods and Materials

Fragments from the buccal surfaces of 45 bovine teeth were prepared (12 mm in length X 5 mm in width X 1.0 mm in thickness). Dentin surfaces were wet-abraded with 600-grit SiC paper to create a standardized smear layer. Samples were randomly assigned to 18 experimental groups (n=5), according to nine adhesive systems tested (Single Bond; Adper Prompt L-Pop; iBond; One-Up Bond F; Xeno III; Clearfil SE Bond; Optibond Solo Plus SE; Tyrian SPE/One-Step Plus; and UniFil Bond) and two waterstorage times (one week and one year). Adhesives were applied according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Z250 composite was applied into the molds to fill up the internal diameter volume of a Tygon tubing mold (1.0 mm high / 0.7 mm internal diameter). Micro-shear bond strengths were determined using an apparatus attached to an Instron Universal Testing Machine (0.5 mm/min). Data were statistically analyzed using a twoway analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey's test (5%).

Results

One year after water storage the dentin bond strength of all adhesive systems reduced significantly, except for One-Up Bond F.

Conclusion

Water-storage time decreased the bond strength for most dentin bonding agents tested.

Citation

Garcia RN, de Goes MF, Giannini M. Effect of Water Storage on Bond Strength of Self-etching Adhesives to Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:046-053.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Samin Alavi, Marjaneh Ghavamnasiri, Mohammad Alavi

Effect of a Resin-based Desensitizing Agent and a Self-etching Dentin Adhesive on Marginal Leakage of Amalgam Restorations

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:8] [Pages No:54 - 61]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-54  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this study was to compare the marginal leakage of Class II amalgam restorations whose preparations were lined with a resin-based desensitizing agent, a self-etching adhesive system, and copal varnish.

Methods and Materials

Fifty-six freshly extracted human premolar teeth were divided into four groups. A Class II preparation was prepared with only a proximal box on the mesial and distal surfaces of each tooth. The cavities in one group were lined with a desensitizing agent (VivaSens™) and a second group with an adhesive (Clearfil S3 Bond™). A third group was lined with copal varnish (Copalite™) and a fourth group was used as the control without any cavity liner. Spherical high copper amalgam was hand-condensed into each preparation, specimens were thermocycled, stained, and sectioned. Microleakage was graded using a stereomicroscope. Microleakage scores were calculated and analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis and the Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05).

Results

Less microleakage was indicated with the VivaSens™ liner when compared with the other groups (P<0. 05). Clearfil S3 Bond™ showed less microleakage than the control group (P<0.05), but the leakage with copal varnish and Clearfil S3 Bond™ was similar (P>0.05).

Conclusion

VivaSens™ reduced the microleakage of Class II high copper amalgam restorations significantly more than the Clearfil S3 Bond™ and copal varnish.

Citation

Ghavamnasiri M, Alavi M, Alavi S. Effect of a Resin-based Desensitizing Agent and a Self-etching Dentin Adhesive on Marginal Leakage of Amalgam Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:054-061.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Emre Ozel, Idil Dikbas, Jale Tanalp, Temel Koksal, Mustafa Ersoy

Evaluation of the Effect of Different Ferrule Designs on the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Maxillary Central Incisors Incorporating Fiber Posts, Composite Cores and Crown Restorations

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:8] [Pages No:62 - 69]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-62  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated maxillary central incisors restored with quartz fiber posts, composite cores, and crowns when different types of ferrule designs were incorporated.

Methods and Materials

Sixty maxillary incisors were divided into six groups: Group 1 (control): teeth with root canal treatments having a full crown prosthesis; Group 2: teeth with a 2 mm circumferential ferrule; Group 3: teeth with a 2 mm ferrule only in the vestibular region; Group 4: teeth with a 2 mm ferrule only in the palatal region; Group 5: teeth with a 2 mm ferrule in the vestibular and palatal region, having cavities in both proximal areas; and Group 6: teeth with no ferrule. The teeth in the experimental groups were restored with quartz fiber posts-composite cores and full metallic crowns. All experimental teeth were subjected to an increasing compressive force with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min, until fracture occurred.

Results

The median fracture values of groups were as follows: Group 1: 574.4 N, Group 2: 472.4 N, Group 3: 474.3 N, Group 4: 480.7 N, Group 5: 463.1 N, and Group 6: 297.9 N. A statistically significant difference was found between Group 1 and Group 6 (p< 0.01).

Conclusion

It was concluded different ferrule designs did not have any influence on the fracture resistance of teeth with fiber posts. The results of this study indicate fiber posts can safely be used for their reinforcing properties. Furthermore, there is no significant change in the resistance of teeth with fiber posts regardless of which ferrule design is incorporated. The property of these types of posts is an additional advantage in clinical practice.

Citation

Dikbas I, Tanalp J, Ozel E, Koksal T, Ersoy M. Evaluation of the Effect of Different Ferrule Designs on the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Maxillary Central Incisors Incorporating Fiber Posts, Composite Cores and Crown Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:062-069.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

José Eduardo Cezar Sampaio, Roberto Antonio Andrade Acevedo, Jamil A. Shibli

Scanning Electron Microscope Assessment of Several Resharpening Techniques on the Cutting Edges of Gracey Curettes

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:8] [Pages No:70 - 77]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-70  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Treatment of periodontal diseases is based on efficient scaling and root planing (SRP) and adequate maintenance of the patient. The effectiveness of SRP is influenced by operator skill, access to the subgingival area, root anatomy, and the quality and type of instrument used for SRP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cutting edges of Gracey curettes after manufacturing and after resharpening using several techniques.

Methods and Material

The cutting edges of a total of 41 new #5-6 stainless steel Gracey curettes were evaluated blindly using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The quality of the cutting edges was evaluated blindly by a calibrated examiner using micrographs. Data were analyzed using a Kruskal Wallis test and nonparametric two-way multiple comparisons.

Results and Conclusions

Different sharpening techniques had significantly different effects on the sharpeness of cutting edges (p<0.05). Sharpening by passing the lateral face of curettes over a sharpening stone and then a #299 Arkansas stone produced a high frequency of smooth, sharp edges or slightly irregular edges between the lateral and coronal faces of the curettes. Sharpening by passing a blunt stone over the curette's lateral face produced the poorest quality cutting edge (a bevel). Sharpening of the coronal curette face produced extremely irregular cutting edges and non-functional wire edges. Sharpening with rotary devices produced extremely irregular cutting edges.

Citation

Andrade Acevedo RA, Sampaio JEC, Shibli JA. Scanning Electron Microscope Assessment of Several Resharpening Techniques on the Cutting Edges of Gracey Curettes. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:070-077.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sinan Tozoglu, Muhammet Selim Yavuz, Mutan Hamdi Aras, Mustafa Cemil Büyükkurt

Impacted Mandibular Canines

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:8] [Pages No:78 - 85]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-78  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims

The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of impacted mandibular canines, the associated pathology of these teeth, and to classify them.

Methods and Materials

This is a retrospective cohort study of 5022 panoramic radiographs taken of patients who presented to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service of the Faculty of Dentistry at Ataturk University in Erzurum, Turkey between January, 1998 and March, 2006. The panoramic radiographs and clinical data were reviewed. Observations were made on the status of missing permanent mandibular canines; retained deciduous canines; side and number of mandibular canines; sex and age of patients; and any other associated pathology or symptoms as well as treatment methods employed.

Results

The incidence of mandibular canine impaction is 1.29% in the 5022 individuals of this Turkish subpopulation. A total of 65 patients had impacted mandibular canines with 33 being females and 32 males. In this study 41 impacted mandibular canines were extracted. Twenty-three canines were attached to bonded buttons for orthodontic eruption purposes. After surgical exposure, one impacted canine was transplanted and the others were left in place for observation.

Conclusions

Maxillary canine impaction is more frequent than mandibular canine impaction. Mandibular canine impaction incidence in this study was found higher than in the published literature to date. This result may be evidence of an actual increase of the number of impacted mandibular canine teeth among patients.

Citation

Yavuz MS, Aras MH, Büyükkurt MC, Tozoglu S. Impacted Mandibular Canines. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:078-085.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Behnam Mirzakouchaki, Shirin Shahrbaf, Reza Talebiyan

Determining Tooth Size Ratio in an Iranian-Azari Population

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:8] [Pages No:86 - 93]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-86  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this investigation was to determine the tooth size ratio in an Iranian-Azari population.

Method and Materials

The Bolton tooth size analysis was performed on a sample of 50 plaster models (25 male subjects, 25 female subjects) of Iranian-Azari subjects. The mesiodistal widths of all teeth were obtained and the Bolton anterior ratio and overall ratio were calculated. The mean, range, and standard deviation were calculated for the anterior and overall ratio, and a coefficient of variation was obtained for the tooth size ratio.

Results

For the anterior ratio (3-3), the Iranian-Azari had a mean of 78.0 mm with a standard deviation of 3.1; the range was 73.68 to 84.6 mm. For the overall ratio (6-6), the mean was 92.0 mm with a standard deviation of 2.4; the range was 88.09 to 97.5 mm.

Conclusions

The results from the Iranian-Azari subjects in the study are similar to Bolton's original data for an American population. These values and the degree of variation were similar to the original data by Bolton, indicating the Bolton analysis for Caucasian samples can be transferred to an Iranian-Azari population. It also confirms no relevant sexual dimorphism exists, and these values are valid for both male and female subjects.

Citation

Mirzakouchaki B, Shahrbaf S, Talebiyan R. Determining Tooth Size Ratio in an Iranian-Azari Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:086-093.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ramin Mostofi Zadeh Farahani, Ali Taghavi Zonuz

Triad of Bilateral Duplicated Permanent Teeth, Persistent Open Apex, and Tooth Malformation: A Case Report

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:7] [Pages No:94 - 100]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-94  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this article is to report a case of bilateral multiple impacted supernumerary teeth. A discussion of possible mechanisms of development is also presented along with a concise review of the literature.

Background

Supernumerary teeth occur in the context of various scenarios in the primary and the permanent dentition. Multiple supernumerary teeth are a rare finding especially in the absence of associated syndrome or disease.

Report

A case of bilateral multiple impacted supernumerary teeth localized to the mandibular premolar region is reported. Some of the supernumerary teeth as well as the erupted premolars had persistent open apices. Coronal malformation of the right maxillary first premolar was another interesting finding. There was an absence of any concomitant disease.

Summary

The aforementioned combination of findings has not been reported previously. The anatomical, geometrical, and spatial relationships of supernumerary teeth with their erupted equivalents may shed light on some controversial aspects of the etiology.

Citation

Farahani RMZ, Zonuz AT. Triad of Bilateral Duplicated Permanent Teeth, Persistent Open Apex, and Tooth Malformation: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:094-100.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Marcelo Coelho Goiato, Aline Úrsula Rocha Fernandes, Daniela Micheline dos Santos, Valentim Adelino Ricardo Baräo

Positioning Magnets on a Multiple/Sectional Maxillofacial Prosthesis

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:7] [Pages No:101 - 107]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-101  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this report is to describe a quick and simple method of positioning retention magnets when deformed patients are rehabilitated with an oculopalpebral prostheses attached to a maxillary denture/obturator.

Background

In patients with deformities requiring complex rehabilitations, the use of magnets is the most efficient means of providing combined prostheses with retention quality and stability. Usually prostheses with magnets are in sections and have a magnet in each section. When the sections are put together properly, the magnets are attracted to each other and retain the sections.

Report

An edentulous patient presented for a post-surgical evaluation of a maxillofacial prosthesis used to repair a partial maxillectomy and left orbital exoneration which removed all adjacent tissues leaving an open communication between the oral, nasal, and orbital cavities. The proposed treatment plan included construction of a maxillary complete denture with a palatal obturator and a mandibular complete denture. Magnets were used to attach the oculopalpebral prosthesis to the maxillary denture/obturator.

Summary

Use of retention magnets simplify the clinical and laboratorial phase, retains the denture, and makes it stable and comfortable for the patient. This treatment is one successful approach to the restoration of oral function and increases the patient's quality of life.

Citation

Goiato MC, Fernandes AÚR, dos Santos DM, Barão VAR. Positioning Magnets on a Multiple/ Sectional Maxillofacial Prosthesis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:101-107.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sulaiman Al-Emran, Rakan Barakati

A Method for Stabilizing a Lingual Fixed Retainer in Place Prior to Bonding

[Year:2007] [Month:November] [Volume:8] [Number:7] [Pages:6] [Pages No:108 - 113]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-8-7-108  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The objective of this article is to present a simple technique for stabilizing a lingual fixed retainer wire in place with good adaptation to the teeth surfaces and checking for occlusal interferences prior to the bonding procedure.

Background

Bonding of an upper or lower fixed lingual retainer using stainless steel wires of different sizes and shapes is a common orthodontic procedure. The retainer can be constructed in a dental laboratory, made at chair side, or it can be purchased in prefabricated form. All three ways of creating a fixed retainer are acceptable. However, the method of holding the retainer wire in place adjacent to the lingual surfaces of the teeth before proceeding with the bonding process remains a problem for some practitioners.

Report

The lingual fixed retainer was fabricated using three pieces of .010” steel ligature wire which were twisted into a single strand wire. Another four to five 0.010” pieces of steel ligature wires were twisted in the same way to serve as an anchor wire from the labial side of the teeth. The retainer wire was bonded using the foible composite.

Summary

The technique presented here for stabilizing the retainer wire prior to bonding provides good stabilization, adaptation, and proper positioning of the retainer wire while eliminating contamination of etched surfaces which might arise during wire positioning before bonding. This technique also allows the clinician the opportunity to check the occlusion and adjust the retainer wire to avoid occlusal interference prior to bonding maxillary retainers. This same clinical strategy can be used to stabilize wires for splinting periodontally affected teeth and traumatized teeth.

Citation

Al-Emran S, Barakati R. A Method for Stabilizing a Lingual Fixed Retainer in Place Prior to Bonding. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:108-113.

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