The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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2008 | March | Volume 9 | Issue 3

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Mohammad Abdollahi, Mania Radfar, Roja Rahimi

Current Opinion on Drug-induced Oral Reactions: A Comprehensive Review

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:15] [Pages No:1 - 15]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-1  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this comprehensive review is to present an update to our previous review about drug-induced oral reactions. All drugs that may cause adverse effects in the mouth and related structures are reviewed.

Background

Every drug can produce untoward consequences even when used according to standard or recommended methods of administration. Adverse drug reactions can involve every organ and system of the body and are frequently mistaken for signs of underlying disease. The mouth and associated structures can also be affected by many drugs or chemicals. Good oral health including salivary function is very important in maintaining whole body health. Drug reactions can be categorized as to the parts of the oral complex such as the oral mucosa and tongue, periodontal tissues, dental structures, salivary glands, cleft lip and palate, muscles, and nerves.

Review Results

This review suggests the number of drugs and chemicals that can produce adverse or toxic reactions in the oral cavity are on the rise. An updated listing of offending drugs is provided along with current strategies for dealing with adverse reactions.

Conclusion

Clinicians must constantly update their knowledge of drugs used by their patients. Attention must be paid to their toxic and unwanted effects that in many cases may be similar to characteristics of common diseases.

Clinical Significance

Dentists and specialists of oral diseases should be aware of adverse drug oral reactions for better diagnosis of oral diseases, administration of drugs, and patient compliance during drug therapy.

Citation

Abdollahi M, Rahimi R, Radfar M. Current Opinion on Drug-induced Oral Reactions: A Comprehensive Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:001-015.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Najat Farsi

Dental Caries in Relation to Salivary Factors in Saudi Population Groups

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:8] [Pages No:16 - 23]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-16  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to register caries trends in relation to some risk factors such as oral hygiene, salivary level of streptococcus mutans (SM), lactobacilli (LB), yeast, salivary flow rate, buffering capacity, pH, and fluoride level among different age groups of a Saudi population. The study also aimed at determining which of the salivary factors correlate significantly to caries.

Methods and Materials

A random sample of 312 subjects belonging to age groups six-11, 12-17, and 18-40 years were selected from patients attending the screening dental clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Patients were examined clinically to measure the caries experience using decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) and oral hygiene levels using the Green and Vermillion method. Resting and stimulated saliva were collected to determine flow rate, fluoride, pH, buffering capacity as well as salivary level of SM, LB and yeast.

Results

The mean DMFT was 7.59. Females as well as the older age group of patients were more affected than males and younger patients. The only salivary factor showing a significant relationship to caries was pH. Counts of SM and LB correlated positively with DMFT scores. Significant higher plaque scores were present among the highest caries level group.

Conclusion

The results stress the importance of screening for caries risk factors. The screening starts with simple clinical observations, expanding to a diversified pattern of tests to assess the pH level and SM and LB counts designed to target high-risk subjects who should be given the most intensive caries preventive measures.

Citation

Farsi N. Dental Caries in Relation to Salivary Factors in Saudi Population Groups. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:016-023.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Amjad H. Wyne

Caries Prevalence, Severity, and Pattern in Preschool Children

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:8] [Pages No:24 - 31]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-24  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To determine caries prevalence, severity, and pattern in preschool children of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods and Materials

A total of 789 randomly selected preschool children, 379 (48%) male and 410 (52%) female, with mean age of 4.7 (SD 0.5) years were examined for dental caries using World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria.

Results

The overall caries prevalence among the sample was 74.8%. The mean decayed, missing, and filled (dmft) score was 6.1 (SD 3.9) with a decay component of 4.66, a missing component of 0.54, and a filled component of 0.92. There was no significant difference (p>.05) in caries prevalence and severity in relation to gender of the children. However, the caries prevalence and severity were significantly higher (p<.05) among children from government preschools as compared to those from private preschools. Among the posterior teeth, mandibular second molars (54.3%), and among anterior teeth, maxillary central incisors (27.9%) had the highest caries prevalence. Among the molars, caries prevalence was generally high in lower molars while among the anterior teeth, upper teeth generally had a higher caries prevalence. The majority of the children (50.3%) had both posterior and anterior tooth caries, 42.2% had posterior tooth caries only, while very few (7.5%) children had only anterior tooth caries.

Conclusion

Caries prevalence and severity are very high in the study population, and most children have posterior tooth caries.

Clinical Significance

Early measures such as fissure sealants, topical fluoride applications (as early as safely possible), and dietary fluoride supplements (where indicated) are needed to prevent caries of deciduous molars in high caries populations.

Citation

Wyne AH. Caries Prevalence, Severity, and Pattern in Preschool Children. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:024-031.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Horieh Moosavi, Samaneh Sadeghi

Short-term Evaluation of Resin Sealing and Rebonding on Amalgam Microleakage: An SEM Observation

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:8] [Pages No:32 - 39]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-32  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two different sealing agents on the microleakage of Class V amalgam restorations with and without resin rebonding.

Methods and Materials

Sixty extracted premolars were divided into six groups with ten teeth in each group. Class V cavity preparations were prepared on the facial surfaces of each tooth with the coronal margins placed in enamel and apical margins in cementum (dentin). The preparations in three groups were treated with Copalite, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP), and no sealing agent, respectively. The other three groups received the same sealing agents in conjunction with a rebonding process. This arrangement of specimens provided for a comparison of the groups with and without a rebonding procedure. Amalgam was used as the restorative material. Specimens were thermocycled, stained, and sectioned. Microleakage was graded (0-3) using a stereomicroscope at 40x magnification. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used along with a high resolution elemental analysis. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Withney, and Wilcoxon pair wise statistical tests (α=.05).

Results

The bonded amalgam groups demonstrated significantly less microleakage, whereas the unsealed groups showed the highest microleakage (P=0.001). A significant difference between the mean rank of the microleakage of enamel and dentin margins was observed (P=0.037). Insignificant, lower microleakage was observed in groups receiving a rebonding procedure (P=0.085).

Conclusion

Copalite and a multi-step adhesive system had a significant effect on microleakage of Class V amalgam restorations. The influence of the multi-step adhesive system was significantly greater than Copalite. The rebonding of the amalgam restorations did not have a significant effect on microleakage.

Citation

Moosavi H, Sadeghi S. Short-term Evaluation of Resin Sealing and Rebonding on Amalgam Microleakage: An SEM Observation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:032-039.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

M. Motallebnejad, S. Akram, A. Moghadamnia, Z. Moulana, S. Omidi

The Effect of Topical Application of Pure Honey on Radiation-induced Mucositis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:8] [Pages No:40 - 47]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-40  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Radiation-induced mucositis is an early effect of head and neck radiotherapy. Mucositis can cause ulcers, and patients may experience pain and dysphasia which need treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of pure natural honey on radiation induced mucositis.

Methods and Materials

In this randomized single blind (examiner blind) clinical trial 40 patients with head and neck cancer requiring radiation to the oropharyngeal mucosa were randomly assigned to two groups. Twenty patients assigned to the study group received honey, while both the study and control groups received standard head and neck radiation therapy based on a standard protocol. In the study group patients were instructed to take 20 ml of honey 15 minutes before radiation therapy, then again at intervals of 15 minutes and six hours after radiation. In the control group patients were instructed to rinse with 20 ml of saline before and after radiation. Patients were evaluated weekly for progression of mucositis using the Oral Mucositis Assessing Scale (OMAS). Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Friedman tests.

Results

A significant reduction in mucositis among honey-received patients compared with controls (p=0.000) occurred.

Conclusion

Within the limits of this study the results showed the application of natural honey is effective in managing radiation induced mucositis.

Clinical Significance

Natural honey is a product with rich nutritional qualities that could be a pleasant, simple, and economic modality for the management of radiation mucositis.

Citation

Motallebnejad M, Akram S, Moghadamnia A, Moulana Z, Omidi S. The Effect of Topical Application of Pure Honey on Radiation-induced Mucositis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:040-047.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Khalid Almas, Joseph Hobeiche, Esam Tashkandi

Arthroscopy vs. Open-joint Surgery for the Management of Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint: A Retrospective Study Comparing Female Subjects from Two Centers

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:8] [Pages No:48 - 55]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-48  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the treatment outcome of arthroscopy and open-joint surgery in the management of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Background

Apart from pain being the major complaint in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs), a variety of function-related symptoms are reported including joint noises, locking, limited movement, and alterations in occlusion. Surgical management procedures of internal derangement of the TMJ vary widely at present. The criteria for the assessment of successful outcome of the treatment are also variable.

Methods and Materials

The retrospective study was carried out at two centers in Paris and Beirut. Sixty-two female patients with an age range of 35.1 years (28 had arthroscopy and 34 had open surgery) were included in the study. The patients were followed-up for 12 months. A standardized questionnaire and visual analogue scale (VAS) was developed and used for the assessment of pain and mandibular range of motion. A chi-square test was used to observe the significance of difference among both groups.

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded arthroscopic surgery appeared to be safe with pain reduction and increased mandibular range of motion for 80% of the patients. Further research is needed on a larger prospective sample to assess the comparison of both techniques in terms of enhanced quality of life among the study population.

Clinical significance

Arthroscopic surgery appears to be a safe, minimally invasive, and effective method for treating internal derangements of the TMJ.

Citation

Hobeiche J, Salameh Z, Tashkandi E, Almas K. Arthroscopy vs. Open-joint Surgery for the Management of Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint: A Retrospective Study Comparing Female Subjects from Two Centers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:048-055.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ali Cemal Tinaz, Baǧdagül Helvaciölu Kivanç, Güliz Gürgül

Staining Potential of Calcium Hydroxide and Monochlorophenol Following Removal of AH26 Root Canal Sealer

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:8] [Pages No:56 - 63]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-56  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The focus of this study was to examine the staining potential of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) on tooth structure following the removal of AH26 root canal sealer.

Methods and Materials

Fifty maxillary anterior teeth were prepared and obturated with AH26 and gutta percha. The sealers were then removed 24 hours later and the teeth were randomly divided into two groups. Ca(OH)2 was then placed in the root canals of the first group of teeth as a medicament and camphorated monochlorophenol (CMCP) was placed in the second group of teeth after the filling material was removed. The color of the external tooth surfaces was determined before tooth preparation and two weeks after the placement of the medicaments. The Z test was used for statistical analysis.

Results

All experimental teeth showed varying degrees of coronal discoloration with the Ca(OH)2 group showing more discoloration than the CMCP group (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Using Ca(OH)2 as a medicament after removing AH26 caused progressive discoloration of the teeth, whereas using CMCP caused only slight discoloration.

Clinical Significance

To avoid staining of the treated tooth, AH26 root canal sealer must be completely removed from the dentin walls before using a medicament.

Citation

Tinaz AC, Kivanç BH, Görgül G. Staining Potential of Calcium Hydroxide and Monochlorophenol Following Removal of AH26 Root Canal Sealer. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:056-063.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Suiaiman Al-Emran

Dental Age Assessment of 8.5 to 17 Year-old Saudi Children Using Demirjian's Method

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:8] [Pages No:64 - 71]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-64  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess the dental age in Saudi children aged 8.5 to 17 years using the Demirjian method.

Methods and Materials

Four hundred ninety panoramic radiographs of boys and girls were reviewed retrospectively. All children were placed in the age group closest to their chronological age. The dental age was scored on all seven left mandibular teeth by one examiner.

Results

Both boys and girls in age groups nine to 14 years showed advanced dental age compared to their chronological age which was found to be statistically significant except in age groups nine and 13 years. Saudi boys were 0.3 years and Saudi girls 0.4 years ahead, on average, of French-Canadian children as analyzed by the Demirjian method.

Conclusion

The standard values for French-Canadian children provided by Demirjian vary slightly for application to Saudi children. As a result, new graphs and tables were produced to convert these maturity scores, calculated by the Demirjian method, to the dental age for Saudi children.

Citation

Al-Emran S. Dental Age Assessment of 8.5 to 17 Year-old Saudi Children Using Demirjian's Method. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:064-071.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Luciana Reis Azevedo, Antônio Adilson Soares De Lima, Maria Ângela Naval Machado, Ana Maria Trindade Grégio, Patricia Del Vigna de Almeida

Saliva Composition and Functions: A Comprehensive Review

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:9] [Pages No:72 - 80]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-72  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to perform a literature review about the composition and functions of saliva as well as describe the factors that influence salivary flow (SF) and its biochemical composition.

Background

Saliva represents an increasingly useful auxiliary means of diagnosis. Sialometry and sialochemistry are used to diagnose systemic illnesses, monitoring general health, and as an indicator of risk for diseases creating a close relation between oral and systemic health.

Review

This review provides fundamental information about the salivary system in terms of normal values for SF and composition and a comprehensive review of the factors that affect this important system.

Conclusion

Since several factors can influence salivary secretion and composition, a strictly standardized collection must be made so the above-mentioned exams are able to reflect the real functioning of the salivary glands and serve as efficient means for monitoring health.

Clinical Significance

Since many oral and systemic conditions manifest themselves as changes in the flow and composition of saliva the dental practitioner is advised to remain up-to-date with the current literature on the subject.

Citation

de Almeida PDV, Grégio AMT, Machado MÂN, de Lima AAS, Azevedo LR. Saliva Composition and Functions: A Comprehensive Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:072-080.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Anty Lam

Increase in Utilization of Dental Sealants

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:7] [Pages No:81 - 87]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-81  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this review is to explore how to increase utilization of dental sealants to reach the national 50% sealant objective as stated in the Healthy People 2010 document.

Background

Dental decay is the most common chronic childhood disease. A simple, cost-effective preventive measure to manage this disease is through sealant application.

Review

Although dental sealants are effective in reducing the risk of having dental decay, their rate of utilization among children and adolescents is below the objective set forth by the Healthy People 2010 document. This is related to the lack of public awareness, patient education, and inadequate reimbursement for sealants served by third-party insurers.

Conclusion

Dental decay is the most common chronic childhood disease. Dental sealants are a simple, costeffective preventive measure to manage this disease. In order to meet the national 50% sealant objective of the Healthy People 2010 document, public awareness and the education of consumers about the benefit of having dental sealants must be improved. Third-party insurers must improve the benefits for subscribers seeking dental sealant services. Using these approaches, the utilization of dental sealants will improve the oral health among the next generation of Americans.

Citation

Lam A. Increase in Utilization of Dental Sealants. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:081-087.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Jeff Burgess, Peter Van der Ven, Michael Martin, Jeffrey Sherman, Jeff Haley

Review of Over-the-counter Treatments for Aphthous Ulceration and Results from Use of a Dissolving Oral Patch Containing Glycyrrhiza Complex Herbal Extract

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:11] [Pages No:88 - 98]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-88  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this article is to present a review of over-the-counter (OTC) treatment strategies used for aphthous ulcerations and to provide results from the use of an herbal extract containing glycyrrhiza.

Background

Aphthous ulceration, a disease of the intra-oral mucosa, is a common condition of unknown etiology that is often self-managed by OTC (no prescription required) medication.

Review

Preparations currently on the market can be divided into several categories: local anesthetic agents, oxygenating agents, mouth rinses, and barriers - further subdivided into paste coverings such as gels or dissolvable or non-dissolvable adhesive patches containing plant extract or synthetic drugs. Other strategies include herbs, hematinic replacement, or off-label OTC drug applications. While many OTC treatments are available and accepted for use with aphthous ulceration, a review of the literature via a number of published research search engines suggests that to date there are no randomized controlled studies to demonstrate OTC preparations do more than manage symptoms. Exceptions include OTC cyanoacrylate products and CankerMelts® GX patches which include glycyrrhiza (licorice) extract. The use of CankerMelts has been shown to alter the course of the condition by reducing lesion duration, size, and pain.

Summary

The results of the studies reviewed here suggest CankerMelts GX discs may be as effective as amlexanox (which must be prescribed) in reducing pain and speeding healing. In addition it can be applied by the patient without the adverse events associated with cyanoacrylate formulations.

Citation

Burgess J, van der Ven P, Martin M, Sherman J, Haley J. Review of Over-the-counter Treatments for Aphthous Ulceration and Results from Use of a Dissolving Oral Patch Containing Glycyrrhiza Complex Herbal Extract. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:088-098.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Adriano Piattelli, Jamil A. Shibli, Leandro de Melo, Giovanna Lezzi, Susana d'Avila, Elton Gonçaives Zenóbio

Human Histologic Evaluation of a Six-year-old Threaded Implant Retrieved from a Subject with Osteoporosis

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:7] [Pages No:99 - 105]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-99  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this case report was to present the evaluation of the bone-to-implant contact in an implant retrieved from a subject with osteoporosis after six years of load.

Background

Systemic conditions associated with osteoporosis have been postulated to contribute to the severity of alveolar bone loss. The increase in human life expectancy, the increased number of elderly subjects who are partially or totally edentulous, and the use of dental implants for oral habilitation in subjects with osteoporosis has raised several questions.

Report

A 68-year-old woman with postmenopausal osteoporosis received a prosthetic evaluation of an implant-supported restoration. Histologically, the peri-implant bone appeared healthy. The peri-implant bone appeared in close contact with the implant surface, whereas marrow spaces could be detected in other areas along with prominently stained cement lines. The mean of bone-to-implant contact was 62.51±1.96.

Conclusion

The results of the evaluation of the dental implant reported here suggest the presence of osteoporosis may not be a contra-indication for implant placement at least after osseointegration has already been established.

Citation

de Melo L, Piattelli A, Lezzi G, d'Avila S, Zenóbio EG, Shibli JA. Human Histologic Evaluation of a Six-year-old Threaded Implant Retrieved from a Subject with Osteoporosis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:099-105.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Therezinha Pastre, Fernanda Faot, Fernando H. Wastphalen, Rosena Santos da Rosa

Treatment of Painful Post-traumatic Peripheral Neuropathy with Capsaicin in an Edentulous Patient with Extreme Resorption in the Mental Region: A Case Report

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:8] [Pages No:106 - 113]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-106  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this report is to present a clinical case of extensive alveolar resorption in the mental region of the mandible of a complete denture wearer for which capsaicin was used for alleviation and remission of posttraumatic painful peripheral neuropathy.

Background

Resorption of the residual ridge occurs in a chronic and progressive manner, altering the configuration of the ridge and the mucosa covering it and subsequently compromising the stability of the complete denture prosthesis. Individual variability associated with such factors as gender, age, edentulous period, nutrition, excessive load and compression on the ridge, parafunctional habits, occlusal instability, and maladaptation of the prosthesis may have a role in the rate and manner of bone loss.

Report

A 62-year-old woman, edentulous at the age of 30, presented with complaints of pain and spontaneous “electrical shocks” in the mucosa under her mandibular complete denture. The pain increased while chewing approximately two years ago due to the pressure of this denture on her supporting tissues. The patient indicated the level of pain corresponded to a score of ten out of ten on the Visual Analogical Scale (VAS). Treatment included denture replacement and topical application of capsaicin gel using a custom tray technique.

Summary

The review of the literature and the results obtained from the management of this case have served to emphasize how much neuropathic pain research has demonstrated the complexity of its neurophysiologic mechanism due to the lack of association with any somatic manifestation.

During the fabrication of a new lower denture the topical application of capsaicin was shown to be effective in the relief and remission of the painful symptoms of the neuropathy as of this writing.

Citation

Pastre T, Faot F, Westphalen FH, da Rosa RS. Treatment of Painful Post-traumatic Peripheral Neuropathy with Capsaicin in an Edentulous Patient with Extreme Resorption in the Mental Region: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:106-113.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ban Tawfeek Shareef, Azian Harun, Yusof Roziawati, Ismail Shaiful Bahari, Zakuan Zainy Deris, Manickam Ravichandran

Recurrent Trichosporon asahii Glossitis: A Case Report

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:7] [Pages No:114 - 120]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-114  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

This case report aims at describing an infection of the tongue as a manifestation of a Trichosporon asahii infection, its association with bronchial asthma and steroid administration, and to present a review of the literature pertaining to its antifungal susceptibility profile.

Background

Trichosporon asahii has been reported to be associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from superficial infection to severe disseminated diseases, particularly in immunocompromised patients.

Case Report

A 36-year-old male asthmatic patient with recurrent glossitis presented with a chief complaint of burning sensation and two red areas on the dorsum of the tongue of three months duration. The glossitis was associated with Trichosporon asahii, which had a reduced susceptibility to some azole antifungal agents.

Summary

Trichosporon asahii is an emerging fungal pathogen which may cause a wide range of clinical manifestations. More reports on its various clinical presentations in the oral environment need to be made available in the literature. To date there is a paucity of data on its prevalence, pathogenesis, and antifungal resistance mechanism.

Citation

Shareef BT, Harun A, Roziawati Y, Shaiful Bahari I, Deris ZZ, Ravichandran M. Recurrent Trichosporon asahii Glossitis: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:114-120.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Nursel Akkaya, Arlin Kiremitçi, Ŏzden Kansu

Treatment of a Patient with Oligodontia: A Case Report

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:7] [Pages No:121 - 127]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-121  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this report is to describe the management of a 16-year-old patient with oligodontia including six permanent teeth.

Background

Oligodontia is agenesis of six teeth or more, excluding third molars. The etiology of congenital absence of teeth is believed to be involved in heredity or developmental anomalies. It can be isolated or as part of a syndrome. There are a number of options available to restore space generated by missing teeth. Dental treatment can vary depending on the severity of the disease and generally requires a multidisciplinary approach. Treatment options include orthodontic therapy, implants, adhesive techniques, and removable prostheses.

Report

A 16-year-old male patient with oligodontia affecting six permanent teeth received conservative care that met his and his parent's expectations. The existing primary teeth were restored to resemble permanent teeth in order to achieve a favorable esthetic result using direct composite resin. The restorative treatment was provided for the psychosocial comfort of the young patient. The loss of teeth in young patients can cause esthetic, functional, and psychological problems particularly if the teeth of the anterior region are involved.

Summary

Adhesive techniques and new restorative materials represent current options in the management of the dental rehabilitation of young patients with oligodontia.

Citation

Akkaya N, Kiremitçi A, Kansu Ö. Treatment of a Patient with Oligodontia: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:121-127.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Dilek Tüfekcioğlu, Chenkhan Bal, Bilge Turhan Bal

Treatment Considerations for a Patient with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Report

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:7] [Pages No:128 - 134]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-128  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

This clinical report describes the oral rehabilitation of a 6-year-old male ectodermal dysplasia (ED) patient diagnosed with hypodontia.

Background

ED is a hereditary disease characterized by a congenital dysplasia of one or more ectodermal structures and their accessory appendages. Common manifestations include defective hair follicles and eyebrows, frontal bossing with prominent supraorbital ridges, nasal bridge depression, and protuberant lips. Intraorally, most common findings are anadontia or hypodontia, conical teeth, and generalize spaces. The patient may suffer from dry skin, hyperthermia, and unexplained high fever as a result of deficiency of sweat glands.

Report

A six-year-old boy who exhibited many of the manifestations of ED as well as behavioral problems and a severe gag reflex. The treatment was designed to improve his appearance and oral functions and included the fabrication of several removable prostheses and acid-etched composite resin restorations during his growth and development.

Summary

Young patients with ED need to be evaluated early by a dental professional to determine the oral ramifications of the condition. When indicated, appropriate care needs to be rendered throughout the child's growth cycle to maintain oral functions as well as to address the esthetic needs of the patient. This clinical report demonstrates that removable partial dentures associated with direct composite restorations can be a reversible and inexpensive method of treatment for young ED patients.

Citation

Bal C, Bal BT, Casela L, Tüfekçioğlu D. Treatment Considerations for a Patient with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:128-134.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Miguel Jaimes, Jose Muñante, Jaime Giuseppe Rodrizuez-Chessa, Sergio Olate, Jose Ricardo de Albergaria-Barbosa, Renato Mazzonetto, Leandro Eduardo Kiüppel

Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia Treated with a Modified Vestibuloplasty: A Case Report

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:7] [Pages No:135 - 141]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-135  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this report is to present a case of surgical and prosthetic treatment of a woman with inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH) and her evaluation during a six month period.

Background

IFH is a benign pathology, prevalent in female patients, and principally associated with ill-fitting prosthetic devices in need of adjustment. It is common for patients to require surgical removal of the hyperplastic tissue and fabrication of a new prosthesis.

Case Report

A 55-year-old female with a history of smoking presented with a chief complaint of missing the scheduled adjustment of her maxillary complete denture and the presence of moveable tissue under the denture. Surgical excision of the hyperplastic tissue followed with fixation of the prosthesis for six months to guide the healing of the soft tissue and to reshape the contours of the maxillary supporting tissues.

Summary

Surgical removal of hyperplasic soft tissue is a routine procedure, and the fixation of the prosthesis for the support of tissue during healing improves intraoral conditions for the fabrication of a new prosthesis in the future.

Citation

Jaimes M, Muñante J, Rodriguez-Chessa JG, Olate S, de Albergaria-Barbosa JR, Mazzonetto R, Klüppel LE. Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia Treated with a Modified Vestibuloplasty: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:135-141.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Luiz Volpoto, Giberto Botelho, Luiz Casela, Álvaro Borges, Katia Silva

Regional Odontodysplasia: Report of a Case in the Mandible Crossing the Midline

[Year:2008] [Month:March] [Volume:9] [Number:3] [Pages:7] [Pages No:142 - 148]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-9-3-142  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

This report presents an unusual case of regional odontodysplasia (RO) in the mandible which crosses the midline along with its clinical management.

Background

RO is an uncommon, nonhereditary unilateral developmental anomaly involving the dental hard tissues, most frequently affecting the maxillary teeth.

Report

RO was diagnosed in a 12-year-old. The dysplastic teeth were the mandibular canines, lateral incisors, central incisors, and the right premolars. The treatment was extraction of the affected teeth followed by provisory prosthetic rehabilitation.

Summary

The etiology of RO remains obscure. In this case a possible association with pre-natal trauma is suspected. The literature is not unanimous as to the management of RO. Nevertheless, the presence of a dental abscess is an indication for extraction. Since general bone quality is not affected, a provisory prosthesis was fabricated as the patient waits for future implant rehabilitation. The executed treatment met the expectations of the patient and her mother as it improved the patient's masticatory function, esthetics, and quality of life.

Clinical Significance

The general practitioner must be prepared to deal with different situations in the dental office. The diagnosis of RO relies mainly on clinical and radiographic findings, and its treatment depends on the affected teeth, the severity of the dysplasia, the presence of infection, and the patient's age.

Citation

Volpato L, Botelho G, Casela L, Borges Á, Silva K. Regional Odontodysplasia: Report of a Case in the Mandible Crossing the Midline. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:142-148.

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